Antihiperurisemia Extract of Celery, Sidaguri, and Tempuyung by In Vitro and In Vivo

Abstract

Celery (Apium graveolens), sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia), and tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) are an Indonesian native medicinal plants that can augment the production of urine (diuretic) and can inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme activity in order to decrease the level of uric acid in blood. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by in vitro was examined at the optimum condition (20 oC of incubation temperature, pH 7.5, 0.1 unit/ml of xanthine oxidase concentration, and 0.7 mM of xanthine concentration) was compared with allopurinol as positive control. The results of in vitro inhibition test of xanthine oxidase activity showed single extract of 400 ppm of sidaguri, 1400 ppm of celery, and 400 ppm of tempuyung that have greatest inhibition of 56.46, 80.95, and 83.02%, respectively. In addition, the combined extract of sidaguri, celery, and tempuyung of 4:14:4 ratio showed inhibition of 88.68%. The combination with dose of 2640 mg/300 g BB can decrease the concentration of uric acid in the blood of rat by 56.86% which exceeds the positive control (allopurinol) of 56.86%, and has xanthine oxidase activity of 179.05 mM/L min lower as compared with the normal group (501.12 mM / L min). These results proved that the combined extracts of sidaguri, celery, and tempuyung is potential as antigout medicine through xanthine oxidase enzyme inhibition.