Perubahan Penutupan Lahan di DAS Citarum Hulu – Jawa Barat dengan Menggunakan Citra Satelit LANDSAT ETM+

Abstract

Citarum Hulu watershed has an important function for the people such as, the hydroelectric power, agricultural irrigation, industry, and tourism for the people of West Java. Population growth and industrial development resulted in increasing the need for land. Utilization of land resources for development activities are affecting changes on forests and water catchment areas. The decreasing of forest has resulted in flood, reduced groundwater discharge, and increased critical areas. LANDSAT satellite is one of the satellites that can be used to monitor land cover and land use changes using instrument ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper) so we will know the land changes that occur in the Citarum Hulu watershed. This study aims to analyze the land cover and land use changes on forest cover particulary in Citarum Hulu watershed, West Java in years of 2001, 2006, and 2011 by using data satellite LANDSAT ETM+ image spatial resolution 30 m. The method used is the initial processing of the image, visual image interpretation, field observations, the determination of sample area, analysis contingency with transformed divergence method, supervised classification using the maximum likelihood method, analysis of accuracy test, reclassification, and analysis of land cover change. Land cover and land use of Citarum Hulu watershed can be classified into 12 classes of land cover and use, namely primary forest, secondary forest, plantations forest, scrub, farm, settlement, open land, dry land agriculture, mixed dry land agriculture, paddy fields and airport. In 2001, primary forest of Citarum Hulu watershed reaches down to 1.682,22 ha and 1.036,61 ha or about 0.28% in 2006. At the same time, the class of settlement increased from 38.807 ha in 2001 to 41.367,40 ha in 2006. Forest converted to rice fields, dry land agriculture, plantations forest, farm, and mixed dry land agriculture. Class open land has decreased in the period 2001-2011, amounting to 1241.10 ha or 0.534%. Decrease the amount of open land class area of land shown on Citarum Hulu watershed increasingly used by the public.