Karakteristik Anatomi Daun beberapa Spesies Hoya spp. Bertipe Daun Sukulen serta Analisis Hubungan Kekerabatannya

Abstract

Hoya (Hoya spp.) is an epiphyte or lithophyte vine or shrub. Hoya’s flower has beautiful unique shape and it is considered as original plant from Southeast Asia and surroundings. This plant has two type of leaf, succulent and non succulent. Succulent plant can adapt well in extreme condition, especially in dry period. Anatomy characters can be used to identify, classify, and determine plant relationship. The aims of this research were to identify anatomical character of succulent Hoya’s leaf and to determine their relationship. Ten exmined species Hoya spp. (H. diversifolia, H. latifolia, H. dolichosparte, H. bilobata, H. lacunosa, H. verticillata, H. purpureofusca, H. kuhlii, H. oblanceolata, and H. micrantha) showed anatomical similarity which was epidermal layer, hipodermal, mesophil, and the absence of sponge tissue at mesophil. However there were many diversities between specieses. Based on paradermal section of the leaf, stomata was only found on the abaxial side and have two type, individual stomata and both individual and stomatal cluster. Hoya diversifolia had the smallest stomatal size, while Hoya latifolia had the biggest. Hoya lacunosa had the lowest stomatal density, while Hoya bilobata had the highest. Hoya diversifolia, Hoya lacunosa, and Hoya oblanceolata had the lowest stomatal index, while Hoya bilobata had the highest. Observation on transversal section showed that Hoya purpureofusca had the lowest leaf thickness, while Hoya kuhlii had the highest. The hierarchical cluster analysis based on anatomical leaf character showed different patterns of relationship which diversed as three groups at relationship scale 15.