Ecological impact and management model of Cimanggu Nature Recreation Park, Bandung Distrik, West Java

Abstract

Cimanggu Nature Recreation Park (Cimanggu NRP) is a nature conservation area which has a protective function as life support systems, preserving species diversity of plants and animals, and can be utilized for the benefit of tourism. Growth in tourist arrivals at Cimanggu NRP cause a threat to the preservation of conservation areas and tourist attraction. This can happens when the utilization of the region exceeds its carrying capacity. The aims of this study to identify tourist characteristic, impact of tourism activities at Cimanggu NRP and develop management model of Cimanggu NRP. The results showed that charateritic of tourist at Cimanggu NRP dominated by young tourist, and have low preception to enviroment. The Cimanggu NRP have a larger carbon stocks than the IPCC's recommendation. Based on phytoplankton diversity index, showed that the station 1 and 3 has lightly polluted while station 2 heavily polluted due to the explosion of phytoplankton population. Based on the makrobenthos diversity index, station 1 has water quality that is still clean/not contaminated, while at stations 2 and 3 lightly polluted. The result of model simulation for 35 years showed the value indicator of the success each scenario as follows: Status quo scenario showed ecological impact index > 1, start at 2015, the target of community participation 4.755 person, management accumulation income 5.644.000.000.000 rupiah, the accumulation of tax 4.419.000.000.000 rupiah and community accumulation incomes 916.000.000.000 rupiah. Conservative scenarios: ecological impact index > 1 start at 2015, the target of community participation is 4.498 person, management accumulated income of is 5.496.000.000.000 rupiah, the accumulation of tax 2.355.000.000.000 rupiah, and the accumulation community income 872.000.000.000 rupiah. Asimilation capacity scenarios: ecological impact index < 1 in 2032 (the end of the simulation) is not exceeded, the target of community participation 5.039 person, management accumulated income 5.754.000.000.000 rupiah, the accumulation of tax 2.466.000.000.000, and the accumulation community income 962.000.000.000 rupiah. (d) economy growth scenarios: ecological impact index < 1 in 2032 (the end of the simulation) is not exceeded,, the target of community participation 5.822 person, mangement accumulated income of 5.582.000.000.000 rupiah, the accumulation of tax 2.620.000.000.000, and the accumulation income Rp. 1.100.000.000.000