Penggerek Batang Jagung Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Tingkat Serangan di Wilayah Bogor dan Siklus Hidupnya di Laboratorium

Abstract

In Indonesia, corn (Zea mays L.) is used as the second largest food crop after rice. Corn is also important source of animal feed and vegetable oil. The productivity of corn crop often lowered by the infestation of the asiatic corn borer (ACB) Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and losses due to this pest could reach 20-80%. The purposes of the study are to survey the degree of field infestation by ACB in Bogor area and to investigate the ACB life cycle in the laboratory. Field study was carried out in 15 villages where corn was planted. The presence of the hole and the frass on the corn stalk were observed. Secondary data of agronomy practice were also gathered by interviewing the farmer. Of 75 plant samples that have been determined sistematically on each plot, 52% (the highest) were infested by ACB in village Cikarawang, 6.7% in village Babakan, Neglasari, and Cihideung Udik. No ACB infestation was detected in village Mekarsari. Other villages showed different degree of infestation between 8.3-44%. The different degree of ACB infestation amongst the observed villages did not correlate with the different of plant variety, applied pesticide, and time planting. In the laboratory the ACB eggs hatched in 4 days. By using the artificial diet for larvae, the stadia of instar I was 3-6 days, instar II was 2-5 days, instar III was 2-7 days, instar IV was 2-7 days, instar V was 5-11 days. The ACB took pupal stage during 6-8 days. The longevity of the ACB adult was 9-15 days. The sexual dimorphism was observed: the size of male pupa and adult was smaller than female, the color pattern of front wing of the male was darker than that of female, and the different form of exterior genital sign.