Pengaruh Kepadatan Tanah Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Abstract

The population growth increase the consumption of the food. These conditions require the agricultural sector to increase production. To increase agricultural production can be done by agricultural intensification that applies maximum tillage systems. But without realizing, the long-term intensive tillage can cause soil compaction. The purpose of this research is to find out and see the effect of soil compaction, expressed by the differences in soil bulk density, to support the growth, yield production, and penetrating of gynofora on peanut. This research used soil material from Jasinga district (Podsolik Jasinga), conducted at Soil Physical and Conservation Laboratory, Soil Chemistry Laboratory, Departemen of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture IPB, and Greenhouse of University Farm IPB. Completed random design is used as experimental design and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) is used to identify the effect of treatment. The bulk density results of the research showed that the increasing of soil density (soil compaction) has significantly affect on hydraulic conductivity and soil resistance value before planting or after planting peanuts, but didn’t significantly affect on water holding capacity at field capacity used Alhricks. For peanut, soil compaction significantly affect to plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of flowers, wet canopy biomass and root length. The soil compaction didn’t significantly affect on canopy biomass dry, wet and dry root biomass. The soil compaction gives a significantly affect on crop yield production (peanut and seed). Effect of soil compaction was also visible at gynofora penetration and growth.