Limbah pemanenan kayu, faktor eksploitasi dan karbon tersimpan pada limbah pemanenan kayu di IUPHHK-HA PT. Indexim Utama, Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

Forest was one of renewable natural resource. One of mostly used resource was wood. Thus to change it into economically valued, its need to exclude it from forest that named by wood harvesting. Wood harvesting activity could cause any problem such as wood harvesting waste. Total of waste could be used as an estimation base of exploitation factors value. Necromass was essential component of carbon storage and have to be measured to obtain accurate carbon storage. Total of necromass will affect the carbon storage potential of forest. This research was supposed to calculate waste volume that occurred on felling area, TPn (temporary wood collecting site) and TPK (final wood collecting site), to analyze factors that affect waste volume, to estimate value of exploitation factor, and to estimate total of storaged carbon on wood harvesting waste. Waste on this research was in form of stump, non-branched stem, upper stem and branch with minimum diameter 30 cm. Data were collected from 10 sample plots with 100 m x 100 m dimension. Effect of slope, tree felling intensity, basal area and feller skill to waste volume were analyzed by using multilinear regression model. Exploitation factor was calculated by using waste percentage approach and also felling index, skidding index, and hauling index approaches. Logging waste sample was collected in 3 repetitions by using 5 cm stem cross section of each trees part. Necromass in this research was calculated by using volume approach. Necromass and necromass carbon were obtained from laboratory analysis result. Average waste volume was 46,57 m3/ha. Wood harvesting waste mostly occurred in felling area. Waste on felling area was amounted 29,20 m3/ha, while at TPn amounted 1,17 m3/ha and at TPK amounted 0 m3/ha. Waste at felling area mostly caused by chainsaw operator’s mistake in logging, stem cutting and bucking. Waste at TPn was in form of log deformed by hole, crack and crooked, while at TPK wasn’t found any waste from researched stems. Waste percentage of non-branched stem based on logged trees was 25,16 %. Most significant factors that affect waste volume variance were trees basal area of logged tree and tree felling intensity. Total of exploitation factor based on waste percentage approach was 0,7484, while based on felling index, skidding index, and hauling index was 0,7484. Storaged carbon of wood harvesting waste was 13,91 ton C/ha, that including stem carbon amounted 10,76 ton C/ha, stomp carbon amounted 2,26 ton C/ha, and branch carbon amounted 0,89 ton C/ha.