Performance of Post-Weaning Male Friesian-Holstein Calves Given Rumen Waste Biomineral Suplement in Feed.
Performa Sapi Jantan Friesian-Holstein Lepas Sapih yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Suplemen Biomineral lsi Rumen.
Abstract
One problem of ruminant production in Indonesia is low quality grass. Grass is the most important feed for ruminant especially for dairy cattle, because it influences its productivity. Supplementation is expected to increase productivity of dairy cattle. The aims of this experiment is to study performance of post-weaning Friesian-Holstein male calves given feed supplemented with rumen waste biomineral supplement. This experiment used 15 post-weaning male calves (3-6 months) from five farmers in Kawasan Usaha Peternakan (KUNAK) dairy area in Cibungbulang, Bogor, and those calves were divided into five groups. This experiment used three treatments; PI = Control diet which were given by each farmers; P2 = PI + Mineral mix (1% concentrate) and P3 = PI + Biomineral (1% concentarate). Mineral mix was produced by KPS Bogor and the biomineral was produced in Faculty of Animal Science (FAPET) IPB. A randomized block complete design was used in this experiment and the data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); differences among treatments were examined with Tukey's test. Variable measured were consumptions of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, Total Digestihle Nutrient (TDN), body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) value. The results showed that the experimental treatment (both mineral mix and biomineral supplementation feed) affected significantly (P<O,05) nutrient intake (dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, TDN), body weight gain and IOFC value; however there were no differences in feed conversion ratio. Comparison in body weight gain and IOFC between biomineral and mineral mix supplementation showed that biomineral supplementation is more effective in increasing body weight gain and also IOFC than mineral mix supplementation. Permasalahan umum pada ternak luminansia di Indonesia adalah rendahnya kualitas hijauan. Hijauan merupakan bahan pakan yang sangat penting bagi temak luminansia khususnya sapi perah yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas ternak. Hijauan di daerah tropis umumnya memiliki kandungan protein kasar yang rendah dan kandungan serat kasar yang tinggi. Produktivitas ternak luminansia dapat ditingkatkan dengan memanipnlasi pakan yang mampu berinteraksi baik dengan mikroorganisme rumen dan aktivitas enzim dari ternak tersebut. Suplementasi dipandang sebagai langkah yang strategis karena upaya ini mampu mengatasi masalah defisiensi, meningkatkan kapasitas mencerna dari ternak karena adanya perbaikan metabolisme dan kemampuan mikroba rumen dalam tubuh temak tersebut. Suplemen pakan yang biasa digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktifitas ternak sapi adalah mineral mix. Suplemen pakan biomineral diharapkan dapat mampu menggantikan peranan suplemen pakan mineral mix. Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini ialah untuk mengkaji performans sapi jantan Friesian Holstein lepas sapih yang diberi ransum dengan suplemen mineral mix dan Biomineral cairan isi rumen.