Karakteristik Habitat Potensial Larva Nyamuk Anopheles dan Hubungannya dengan Kejadian Malaria di Kota Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung

Abstract

This study aimed to measure the characteristics of potential habitats that become breeding places for Anopheles mosquitoes in the former tin mining (pit) in Pangkalpinang city. The research was conducted in July 2011 to May 2012 and performed in two activities, collection with determination of the larvae habitats characteristics and identification of Anopheles larvae. Anopheles larvae were collected, processed to slide specimen, then identified by using the identification key of the Anopheles larvae (O’Cornor and Soepanto 1989). The result showed that larvae species found were An. letifer. Generally the characteristics of the larval breeding potential habitats in Pangkalpinang city had area between 100- 6000 m2, the temperature was 28-31 °C, and the salinity was 0‰. The age habitats were varied from 1 to 29 years old. The base of habitats were sand, mud, and sand ground. The habitats also had variety of turbidity level from clear, yellow, to brown with a depth of 0.05 to 10 m. In addition, there were aquatic plants such as grasses, algae, ferns, water hyacinth, and taro. Fish, tadpoles, and dragonflies larvae were found in habitats as Anopheles larvae predators.