Eksplorasi Cendawan Entomophthorales dan nematoda pada trips dan kutudaun pada tanaman mawar dan krisan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Kabupaten Cianjur

Abstract

Rose and chrysanthemum are two of the ornamental plants that have a high economic value in Indonesia. Thrips and aphid are important pests of these plants. Entomophthoralean fungus and nematode are potential biological control agents of thrips and aphid. There are no many reports of this fungus in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to explore Entomophthoralean fungus and nematode on both thrips and aphids at both roses and chrysanthemums in Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (Balithi). The research was conducted from March 2012 to June 2012. Thrips and aphids were sampled from three blocks for each plant. Numbers of sampled plants for each block were 10 plants selected randomly. Thrips were sampled at one flower on each plant. Both thrips and aphid samples were put on alcohol 70% for the next experiment. Microscope slide squash mounts in lactophenol cotton blue were made for both thrips and aphids and each sampled insect was examined with a microscope to determine if secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, primary conidia, conidiophores, and resting spores were present. Primary conida, secondary conidia, and hyphal bodies are development stages of fungus were found in thrips. Primary conidia, conidiophores and hyphal bodies were found in aphid. Thrips populations on rose and chrysanthemum were not significantly different. However, fungus infection levels on thrips and aphid showed significant differences. During examination, nematodes were found in thrips on both roses and chrysanthemums. Nematode infection levels in thrips on roses were higher than those on chrysanthemums.