Toksisitas Ekstrak Tephrosia vogelii dan Alpinia galanga terhadap Myzus persicae pada Tanaman Cabai

Abstract

Red pepper (Capsicum annum) is one of the important agricultural commodities in Indonesia, but the production is still fluctuated. One of factor that cause the decline in productivity of red pepper is a disturbance of pests and diseases. Aphids Myzus persicae is one of the important pests on red pepper cultivation because it can cause loss of up to 80%. Botanical insecticide is one of alternative pest control agents which is biodegradable, safer than synthetic pesticides, and environmentally friendly. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two types of plant extracts as insecticides against M. persicae on red pepper (Capsicum annum) using the residual in plants methods and of systemic effects methods. Extracts used were Tephrosia vogelii and Alpinia galanga, each extract was tested using the residual and systemic methods. Extracts of T. vogelii showed a higher toxicity using both the residual and systemic methods with each LC95 values at 72 hours after treatment were 16 and 12 times more toxic than extracts of A. galanga. Systemic method was more efficient than the residual method. Testing of T. vogelii extract using systemic effect method LC95 8.5 times lower than using residual method on plant, as well as the test of A. galanga extract that the systemic method show more toxic than residual method.