Analisis ekonomi dari manfaat dan kerusakan lingkungan untuk menyusun strategi pengelolaan taman nasional laut. (Studi kasus : Taman Nasional Laut Bunaken, Sulawesi Utara)
Economic Analysis of Environmental Damage and Advantages to Determine the Management Strategy of National Marine Park (Case Study Bunaken National Marine Park North Sulawesi).
Abstract
Sulawesi Utara mempunyai potensi sumberdaya alam laut yaitu Taman Nasional Laut Bunaken, yang ditetapkan berdasarkan SK Menteri Kehutanan RI No. 44 Menhut IU1989 tanggal 1 April 1989 dengan luas 79.056 ha. Kontribusi sektor pariwisata di Sulawesi Utara sekitar 24,5 triliun. Wisatawan yang mengunjungi Taman Nasional Bunaken adalah 7.128 orang dan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 2,5 triliun. Luasan kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh kegiatan manusia di Taman Nasional laut Bunaken, diidentifikasi kerusakan terumbu karang adalah 3.2624ha, kerusakan hutan mangrove 246 ha dan kerusakan hutan tropis 835 ha. North Sulawesi has the natural resources of Bunaken National Park as decreed by Ministrial Decree of Forestry RI No. 44 Menhut 11/1989 tgl 1 April 1989, which covers on area of 79,056 ha.:
This figure includes the contribution from the 7.128 tourist who visited Bunaken National Park: 24.5 trillion rupiahs.. The extent of damage caused human activities on Bunaken National Park has been tracked, as identified by the damage of 3.262 ha of coral reefs, 246 ha of mangrove and 835 ha of tropical forest.
This research undertaking aims to analys the environmental and economic factors affects to the sustainability and management of Nasional Park Bunaken.. The result of research indicates That Total Economic Value is 34.88 trillion rupiahs.
One of the causes of forest destruction is that perpetrated by poor inhabitants. Inequality of income which is shown by Gini Ratio to be as great 0,5246 proves quite a distance from O, and that there is an unequal income distribution.
