Aktivitas Gabungan Ekstrak Bakau (Rhizophora apiculata), Alamanda (Allamanda schottii), dan Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) terhadap Enzim Tirosinase

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the most active composition of mangrove, alamanda, and binahong extract as tyrosinase inhibitor and antioxidant. Stem of mangrove was extracted with methanol-water and fractionated to obtain flavonoid extract, leaves of alamanda were extracted with water, and leaves of binahong were extracted with ethanol. Each extracts were combined based on the extract weight using simplex centroid design, then tested its tyrosinase inhibitor and antioxidant activities (DPPH). Single extract of mangrove stem (IC50 monophenolase: 202 μg/mL; IC50 diphenolase: 419 μg/mL) had the best activity as tyrosinase inhibitor. The combined extract of mangrove:alamanda:binahong (2/3:1/6:1/6) had good inhibition activity on monophenolase stage (IC50 147 μg/mL). The extract and combination also showed good antioxidant activity (IC50 23 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, respectively). Thin layer chromatography fingerprint pattern of single extract of mangrove eluted with diethyl ether:ethyl acetate (1:1) showed 4 spots, and the combined extract of mangrove:alamanda:binahong (2/3:1/6:1/6) showed the same spot with an Rf of 0.11.