Keterkaitan Pertumbuhan Penduduk dengan Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Pertanian ke Non Pertanian dan Luas Lahan Kritis

Abstract

Increasing population growth is one of factors affecting the use of a piece of land, where low-land-rent utilization tend to be converted into the higher-land-rent utilization. Land rent of non-agricultural uses which is higher than on-farm agriculture undeniably increase agricultural conversion, then could accelerate land degradation. Land degradation could be due to improper management which is not in accordance with its carrying capacity then initializing degraded land. The purpose of this research is: (1) to identify population growth and agricultural land use change to non-agricultural one, (2) to identify acreage of degraded land, (3) to compare agricultural land rent and non-agricultural uses, and (4) to understand the relationship among population growth, agricultural land use change and the acreage of degraded land. The analytical techniques utilized in this research include: (1) analysis of population growth and spatial technique to identify changes from agricultural land to non-agricultural ones, (2) spasial analysis to calculate hectarage of classified degraded land based on ministry of forestry, (3) descriptive analysis of land rent and the t test, and (4) correlation analysis to understand the relationship among population growth, land use changes and the acreage of degraded land. The results showed that population in Kecamatan Sukaraja grew at 7,6 % and Kecamatan Sukamakmur increased at 0,3 % in the period 2006-2009. The acreage of agricultural land use change to non-agricultural one in Kecamatan Sukaraja was 95,95 ha (4,5%) and in Kecamatan Sukamakmur was 232,74 ha (2 %). Kecamatan Sukaraja was comprised of 1.383,90 ha of non degraded land, 1.613,96 ha of potentially degraded land, 723,34 ha of somewhat degraded land, 166,78 ha of degraded land, and 0,16 ha of severe degraded land. Kecamatan Sukamakmur comprised of 984,07 ha non degraded land, 3.681,50 ha potentially degraded land, 4.330,52 ha somewhat degraded land, 7.658,94 ha degraded land and 44.08 ha severe degraded land. Comparison of the average value of agricultural land rent to non-agricultural one at CI 95 % indicates, that the non-farm business more lucrative than farming. Correlation coefficient of population growth and land use change in Kecamatan Sukaraja was 0,82 and in Kecamatan Sukamakmur was 0,92, the coefficient of population growth and acreage of degraded land of Kecamatan Sukaraja was 0,85 and of Kecamatan Sukamakmur was 0,91, while the coefficient of land use change acreage and degraded land in Kecamatan Sukaraja was 0,90 and in Kecamatan Sukamakmur was 0,98. These suggest positive relationship among all variables at 95% confidence level and implied that the higher population then more intensive changes from agricultural land uses to non-agricultural ones and the wider acreage of degraded land.