Model pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di Selat Alas - Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

Capture fisheries in Alas Strait of Nusa Teggara Barat contributes an important role not only for fishers, but also for local communities. Previous research showed that fish resources in this area need an appropriate management immediately. However, the scientific information as management option of the commodities in this area is very poor. This research intended to: identify the selected priority of fish resources, asses stock, define exploitation status of the selected priority of fish resources, define appropriate fishing gears, optimize the number of fishing gears to exploit the selected priority, formulate management model for capture fisheries in Alas Strait. Scoring method was applied for selecting the fish resources and the appropriate fishing gears, while surplus production model (Schaefer model) was used to asses the fish stock size. Linear goal programming was applied to allocate the number of fishing gears used in the stock fishing. There were five species of fishes identified as selected priorities: squid, sardine, red snapper, anchovy, and herring. Of the five selected fishes, the highest maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was anchovy (7,915.76 tons/year) followed by red snapper (2, 00.01 tons/year), sardine (1,282.21 tons/year), herring (867.49 tons/year), and squid (638.40 tons/year) respectively. The exploitation status of these selected commodities was classified into three categories. They were over exploited (squid), fully exploited (sardine and herring) and lightly exploited (anchovy and red snapper).This research also identified four appropriate fishing gears to exploit fish resources in Alas Strait. They were purse seine, boat lifting net, gill net, and hook and line. Refers to total allowable catch (TAC) of each fish species, fishing gears yearly productivity, requirement of gasoline, lubricant, spirituous liquid, ice blocks, number of fishers, and benefit gotten by each fishing gears, the optimum number of fishing gears allocated to exploit the selected priority fishes in Alas Strait is purse seine 43 units, lift net 30 units, gill net 395 units, and hand line 1628 units. The whole process constructed model is applicable not only in Alas Strait, but also in other areas similar to Alas Strait condition.