Perlakuan Konsentrasi Colchicine pada Kultur In Vitro Jelutung (Dyera costulata (Hook. f.)).

Abstract

In Indonesia there are two types of Jelutung, those are Dyera costulata (Hook. f.) and Dyera lowii (Hook. f). The sap of this jelutung commonly used for vital industries such as the world's aircraft industry, automotive, electronics, cable wrapping, and home furnishings. As for the results timber jelutung trees that did not produce sap anymore, cut down to create printed materials of the building, drawing table, clogs, engraving, plywood, and pencils (Ministry of Forestry 2008). However, mass-breeding jelutung often constrained by the nature of perishable seed and germinate quickly (recalcitrant) so it can not be kept too long and needed storage technology both seed and vegetative propagation in macro (cuttings) and micro (tissue culture) is needed to provision of seeds in large quantities jelutung (Bathimi 2009). Through the in vitro culture of seeds can be obtained in large numbers and the same, can be reproduced continuously and more efficient place and time. However, in vitro culture itself is also the need for engineering to get the culture results are much better in a fast and obtained results that were far greater. One way is to add a hormone that affects the accelerating growth of the plant itself, the hormone colchicine to double the chromosome number from diploid to tetraploid. The study was conducted in October to December 2011 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Environmental Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University (PPLH IPB). The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of giving the concentration of colchicine and colchicine is good and right for the best growth in jelutung in vitro culture. Colchicine concentration used was 0.5 mg / l, 1.0 mg / l, 1.5 mg / l, and 2.0 mg / l. Quantitative data retrieval in the form of the living explants, explants die, high explants, a growing number of roots, root length, leaf number, and a new segment explants. The results of this study indicate that a given concentration of colchicine significantly different influence on the high number of root explants and growing. High highest explant shown in treatment E (2.0 mg / l) with a height of 4.18 cm and the average number of roots of most treatments is shown in E (2.0 mg / l) of 6.20 roots. While the administration did not significantly affect the concentration of colchicine on root length, leaf number, and a new segment explants. The conclusion of this study is the gift of colchicine concentration that gives the highest average was in treatment E (2.0 mg / l).