Partisipasi Masyarakat Desa Hutan dalam Program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat di KPH Cepu Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Since a long time ago, the people of Indonesia in satisfying such needs as houses, clothing, food, medicine, and environmental services have depended heavily on forests. The increase of population has caused the living necessities to increase and triggered the exploitation of forest resources commercially at a large-scale. Based on the recapitulation of KPH Cepu, the incidence of theft and forest fires is high every year. Responding to the increasing forest disturbances, Perhutani applied several new multi-sector policies related to forest management. One form of the new policies is the PHBM (Forest Management together with Community) program. KPH Cepu began to launch the program in 2003. This program opens an opportunity for people to participate directly in forest management. This started with the establishment of cooperation between Perhutani and LMDH (Rural Forest Community Institution). One element of the successful implementation of PHBM is the effectiveness of LMDH. An effective LMDH is one that involve the community in each activity. The study was conducted in the villages of Bleboh and Nglebur, Perum Perhutani KPH Cepu Unit I Central Java, from September 2011 through November 2011. The data used were of primary and secondary types. The purpose of this study was to identify the activities of PHBM, analyze people‟s participation in the PHBM program, and analyze the effectiveness of LMDH. the number of selected villages was two, namely the village of Bleboh and Nglebur with 30 respondents in each village. Based on the research results, there are two types of activities in PHBM at KPH Cepu: the activities inside the forest area and the activities outside the forest area. The inside activities include planting, maintaining, intercropping, and security. The outside activities involve the establishment of saprotan shop, cattle and goats breeding, empon-empon farming, and nurseries. The implemented program of PHBM in LMDH of Wana Sumber Mulyo consists of the activities only inside forest area, whereas the PHBM program in LMDH of Wana Tani Makmur includes the activities both inside and outside the forest area. Participation of pesanggem in PHBM program is still partial, i.e. limited to the phase of implementation and allocation of shared profit from non-wood products. The effectiveness LMDH as an institution has not yet complied with the four principles of good forest governance.