Pembuatan dan Pencirian Plastik Pati Tapioka dengan Pemlastis Gliserol

Abstract

Starch is natural polymer that can be used as a raw material for making plastic and as a replacement for petroleum-based plastic. Plastic preparation from starch needs to be developed due to diminishing sources of petroleum besides its eco-friendly importance. In this study, plastic was developed from tapioca starch using glycerol as plasticizer. The plastic films were made from blending water, 40 %w starch and various concentration of glycerol, i.e. 0: 2.5: 5: 7.5 and 10%w, then those compositions were heated up to 70 ºC. The effects of additional glycerol upon to the plastics film were observed through measurement of density, mechanical strength, functional groups, and thermal analysis. The result of density of the plastic film showed that the higher the glycerol concentration the lower the density. The plastic film with 7.5% glycerol showed the highest tensile strength, 187.36 MPa. The higest elongation at break 58.2% was made from 10% glycerol. The result of functional group analysis showed a new peak, which is peak of vibrations C=O (wavenumber 1743.65 cm-1). Thermal analysis showed weight-lost about 75.0% and glass transition themperature in 108.8 ºC.