Studi Kelayakan Usaha Budidaya Ulat Sutera (Bombix mori L.) di Kecamatan Sukanagara, Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat

Abstract

Agro-industry activities of natural silk are intended to meet the demand for products made from silkworm thread and to increase the people's income. The demand for products made from silk threads both at home and abroad continues to increase from year to year. The world’s need for silk thread reaches 118,000 tons, while the domestic demand accounts for 700 tons. The world silk production decreased to 52,342 tons and Indonesia only produced 81.5 tons of silk yarn. This study aimed to determine the business feasibility based on non-financial aspects, financial aspects as well as determine its level of sensitivity. The study was conducted in Sukanagara District, Cianjur Regency from April 15 to May 15, 2010. The primary data were obtained through interviews with respondents and field observations. The secondary data were collected through interviews and traces of documents and other printed materials. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2007 software. The analysis was carried out for non-financial aspects (aspects of markets and marketing, technical and technological, management, human resource, social, judicial, and environment), and financial aspects (Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio Gross (gross B/C), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Pay Back Period (PBP)), as well as sensitivity analysis within the period of 10 years with the interest rate of 12%. Based on the resulted analysis of non-financial aspects, the silk worm farming is feasible. The financial analysis was based on three business scales of land area, namely business scale I (1 ha of mulberry), scale II (1.5 ha of mulberry), and scale III (2 ha of mulberry). Based on the business feasibility criteria, the silk worms farming businesses of scale I and II are feasible with NPV of Rp 8,688,681 and Rp 7,202,019; gross B/C of 1.17 and 1.08; IRR values of 33.99% and 20.55% and PBP of 2.75 years and 4.13 years respectively. Meanwhile the business scale III of silk worms is considered feasible if the development scenario is conducted by improving the farming of silk worm as many as 24 boxes/year with a NPV of Rp 12,649,681; gross B/C of 1.12; IRR of 26.06%, and PBP of 3.44 years. The cocoon price decrease of 10% is more influential (sensitive to) on the business condition rather than an increase of 10% in the operational cost. Silk worm businesses of scale I and III with the development scenarios remain feasible to operate despite a decline of 10% in cocoon price and an increased operating cost of 10%, whereas the silk worm business of scale II is not feasible to do.