Optimasi fungsi ekologi-ekonomi dalam pengelolaan ekosistem terumbu karang berbasis ikan target (Kasus Pulau Hogow dan Pulau Putus-Putus Sulawesi Utara)

Abstract

This study provides a framework to optimize the ecological-economic roles of the coral reefs. In general, it was aimed at developing the management optimization design in order to raise the ecological and economic functions of the coral reefs which oriented in utilization sustainability of the coral reef resources in Hogow and Putus-Putus Islands. The specific objectives were (1) to determine the spawning ground, the nursery ground and the feeding ground in the coral reefs and evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of target fish and the coral reef building benthic organisms in space and time; (2) to optimize the ecological-economic roles in spawning ground, nursery ground, and feeding ground in the target fish-based coral reef management; (3) to evaluate the benefits of coral reef ecosystem to the economy, social and culture of adjacent communities. Based on the target fish distribution pattern data of 2002 to 2011, Hogow Island was determined as spawning ground, Putus-Putus Island (Station 1 and 2) as nursery ground and Putus-Putus Island (Station 4, 5 and 6) as feeding ground. The optimization of ecological and economic functions of the coral reefs was reached at the live coral cover of 66.82 ha, the target fish stock of 165 tons/yr, the target fish production of 66.36 tons/yr, and the fishing efforts of 200 trips/yr. The success of the sustainable coral reef management in Hogow Island and Putus-Putus Island could result from the community and government‟s participation, and therefore, the governmental policies should integrate the ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological aspects.