Typological Homerange Study of Lutung (Trachypithecus auratus, Geoffrey 1812) Groups in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park.

Abstract

Lutung (Trachypithecus auratus) is one of endemic primate species which its population endangered. Primates life was influenced by habitat. Part of habitat which occupied by an animals or populations in normal daily activities is homerange. Homerange typology data was important in wildlife management, however information about that was very limited. The aim of the research was to determine factors influencing homerange size, and homerange typology of lutung. The research conducted at Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park from Desember 2009 until February 2010. Parameters observed were homerange size, trajectori distance, physical and vegetation factor, information about food dan sleeping trees, and lutung group characteristics The homerange size of langur calculated using convex poligon methode. Vegetation characteristic calculated with vegetation analized kuadrat methode. Result of the research found that langur’s homerange lied at 1158 – 2010 altitude, temperatur 16,5 -20,5ºC. The vegetation density was 75 – 238 individual/hectare, spesies richnes indeks 9,15 – 12,1, feeding trees quantity 4 – 14, and trees relatif density 12-26,67 %. There were 9 groups of lutung, 6 – 33 individu each, one male/multimale group. Based on multiple linier regression, the homerange size was influence by group size (X1) trees density (X9) and tree species numbers (X10). The equation formula was Y = -5,625 + 0,676 X1 + 0,157X10 + 0,10X9 (R = 0,989). Homerange size Neu’s methods of preference index showed that Quercus sundaicus, Ficus sp. and Litsea sp. were sleeping trees prefered of lutung group in the study periode. Based on the equation, homerange size will larger when group size, vegetation density and tree species number increased. Management implication was improve spesies number and Quality of langur feeding and sleeping trees..