Responses of Rice Genotypes to Drought Periods on Low Land Rice System.

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to identify responses of IR64, Ciherang, IPB-97-F-15, Menthik Fragrant, Rokan, Way Apo Buru, Jatiluhur and Silugonggo to drought. The experiment was conducted under plastic house with massive walls 4x3 m (LxW) with split plot design experiment with four replications. Drought treatments were induced at 3, 6, 9 WAT (weeks after transplanting) and control (standard rice growing). The results showed that drought at 3 and 6 WAT more reduced growth rate and yield. Yield reduction on drought at 3 and 6 WAT caused by increased of unfilled spikelet. The highest of plant canopy showed by Jatiluhur, whereas Silugonggo showed the highest on number of leaf, tiller and productive tillering than other genotypes. Jatiluhur and Silugonggo have highest percentage of flowering, whereas longest panicle showed by IPB-97-F-15. Jatiluhur showed the highest production of grain yield and harvest with lowest of unfilled spikelet percentage. There are differences in responses 8 rice genotypes to drought periods in the low land rice system. Based on the parameters of productive tillers, scores leaf rolling and leaf desication, and drought resistance index for yield, all eight genotypes can be grouped into 3 groups: Way Apo Buru Jatiluhur were tolerant; Rokan and Menthik Fragrant were sensitive; IR64, Ciherang, IPB-97-F-15 and Silugonggo were moderate to drought.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi respon beberapa genotipe padi terhadap periode kekeringan pada sistem sawah. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan Institut Pertanian Bogor dalam rumah plastik pada 16 unit petak tanam dengan ukuran 4 m x 3 m, tiap petak dibatasi dinding tembok dengan kedalaman 0.8 m. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan split plot design dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pada petak utama adalah periode pengeringan mulai 3 MST, 6 MST dan 9 MST serta kontrol (tanpa pengeringan) dan perlakuan anak petak terdiri dari 8 genotipe padi yaitu IR64, Ciherang, Way Apo Buru, IPB-97-F-15, Jatiluhur, Silugonggo dan Menthik Wangi.