Detection and Identification of Plant Viruses and Mites from Import and Local Shallot.

Abstract

Every year, Indonesia imports large amount of shallots from several countries. This hight importation may increase the risk of entrance of quarantine pests and diseases. Laboratory study was conducted in order to detect and identify viruses and mites associating import and local shallots. Observations were conducted using shallots imported from Thailand, Philippines, and China; whereas for local varieties, observations were done using several varieties of shallots (varieties Jawa, Biru, Nganjuk, Brebes and Tuk Tuk) collected from farmers in Bantul Districs Yogyakarta. Based on RT-PCR and sequencing of the nucleotide, no viruses were found on imported shallots, but Shallot yellow stripe virus (SYSV) was found from local varieties Jawa and Brebes, with diseases incidence of 60% and 53.3% respectively. Morphological-based identification found 12 genus of 11 families of non quarantine pest mites were found on import and local shallots. The most frequent species found were Caloglyphus berlesei, Cheyletus mallacensis, Proctolaelaps sp and Leiodynichus sp.