Strategi meningkatkan keberdayaan keluarga miskin pedesaan di Kabupaten Lahat Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

Abstract

Permasalahan kemiskinan merupakan salah satu masalah kesejahteraan sosial yang populasinya cukup besar di Kabupaten Lahat. Penanganannya telah dilaksanakan oleh Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah. Program yang telah dilaksanakan di antaranya adalah Program Usaha Agrobisnis untuk Petani (PUAP) merupakan program/kegiatan Departemen Pertanian. Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE), Bantuan Tunai Langsung dari Departemen Sosial RI. Bantuan Bibit dari Pemerintah Daerah. Namun program tersebut baru menyentuh sebagian kecil masyarakat miskin, sehingga masih diperlukan suatu strategi yang efektif dan efisien dalam arti mampu mencapai sasaran yang lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (a) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab timbulnya keluarga miskin Pedesaan, (b) Mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan ciri keluarga miskin, modal sosial, kearifan lokal, dan bentuk-bentuk penanganan keluarga miskin yang telah dilaksanakan masyarakat dan pemerintah, (c) merumuskan strategi meningkatkan keberdayaan keluarga miskin pedesaan. Dari hasil lapangan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar (65,4%) responden mempunyai latar belakang pendidikan rendah (tidak tamat SLTP), yang tamat SLTP sebesar 34,6%. Pemilikan lahan sawah, kopi, karet kurang dari satu hektar. Potensi lain yang teridentifikasi ialah kebersamaan masyarakat termasuk keluarga miskin masih cukup baik. Masyarakat masih menjunjung tinggi nilainilai yang ada dalam masyarakat. Keluarga miskin pedesaan mempunyai rasa percaya diri yang tinggi dan mau bekerja keras

Poor rural families are part of rural society which need to be improved in resources, in order that they can afford to run family function, have creativity in economy, social, physiology and sociology. Therefore poor families hopefully build harmonies in their life. This research was a descriptive correlation research which purposes are: (a) identify factors that cause poverty, (b) analyze characteristic of poor families from social economy, physical, physiology and sociology characteristic, (c) analyze dependability pattern of triggering factors and characteristic of poor families in promoting capability of poor families and (d) build strategies to promote capability of poor families according to trigger factors and characteristic of rural poor families. The Research result showed internal environment and external factors which influence capability of poor families in rural area. Trigger factor that emerge poor families which is poverty was already inherit by their elderly, because their elderly didn’t have wide farmland, low educational background (they didn’t pass the elementary school in average), didn’t have other skills besides farming. There were obvious correlation among social economy, social capital, local wisdom and capability of poor families, according to the data and information that acquired from the research. Therefore strategic concept was made and pointed, empowering competence of personal implementer of government program in sub district level, such as empowering poor families’ competence, promoting poor families participation in government and private programs that operate in rural area. Build poor families network with business world in marketing their farm products and giving them facilitation to get capital, seeds and tools that according to compete development that given to poor peoples.