Kebijakan pengembangan perikanan tangkap di kawasan perbatasan Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud

Abstract

The objective of this research is to develop policy for the management of fisheries resources in border area of Talaud Regency. To achieve such an objective, the study was carried out to analyze 1) The role of marine fisheries sector within the Talaud Regency, 2) The optimal utilization of marine fisheries resources in Talaud. The results of the study showed that 1) The fishing sector plays a greater role in to economic of Talaud Regency, 2) Optimal fishing effort under MSY condition is around estimated at 9.610 trip with production level of 5.4448,75 ton. Economic rent under MSY condition is approximately Rp. 34.426,94 billion. If the fishery is managed under maximum economic yield (MEY), it was found that effort level should be around 8.853 trip with production level at 5.414,93 ton. Economic rent under MEY condition is approximately Rp. 34.680,52 billion. The study also found some economic performances of fishing unit operating in Talaud. It shows that “pancing tonda” (troll line) receives highest surplus, then it followed by “pukat cincin” (purse seine) and the last is “jaring insang hanyut” (drift gillnet). Based on simulation, it was found that domestic fleet should be encouraged to increase production so as to offset illegal fishing from Phillipine vessels. The number of domestic vessels in Talaud will eventually increase up to 700 fleets as a respond of illegal fishing by foreign fleet. It is also found that illegal fishing will lead to economic loss between Rp 1 billion to Rp 2 billion per year. While if no illegal fishing economic potential of fishery in Talaud could reach to Rp 7 billion to Rp 10 billion, if illegal fishing is still rampant, within 20 years economic loss will be much higher which eventually will affect the economic of Talaud regency as a whole. Results of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) indicates that to develop fisheries sector in Talaud, provision of regional budged devoted for fisheries sector is number one priority followed by regional cooperation and local empowerment. Other factors such as forming market for fisheries in the Talaud area and increasing number of fishing units come after those three priorities. Overall, result of AHP strongly indicates serious political will from local government to develop fisheries in Talaud. This study also reveals that based on Linear Goal Programming (LGP) it needs a total of 1536 fishing units, one unit of coastal fishing port (PPP), one unit fisheries landing base (PPI) with requires area of 441 m2. LGP also states that it needs three unit of fish processing and additional labor force of 6524 fishers and another 1500 for supporting activities.