Potensi bakteri simbion tumbuhan laut lamun sebagai penghambat terjadinya biofouling di Laut

Abstract

Biofouling is defined as the attachment and growth of microorganisms (microbial fouling) and macroorganisms (macrofouling) on solid surface. Biofouling bacteria also result on surface of marine plant seagrass as symbiotic. Bacteria-seagrass association that occur on the surface have been known to produce secondary metabolites that have important ecological roles, including prevention from pathogen infection and fouling organisms. A research aimed at the bacterial symbionts of seagrass Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii and Syringodium isoetifolium as defense marine biofouling was performed. Bacterial symbionts including endophytes and epiphytes were isolated from the seagrass. Marine biofilm-forming bacteria had been isolated from the fiber and wooden panels from the surrounding colonies. Epiphyte isolate found more than endophyte isolate, however more biological activity was found among endophyte compare to epiphyte against biofilm-forming bacteria. Bacterial endophyte inhibited more biofilm-forming bacteria than epiphyte. Extract endophytes and epiphytes bacteria also inhabited biofilm-forming bacteria. Field experimental of extract bacteria show that extract of two bacteria spesies cannot obtained fouling organisms identified as Virgibacillus genus and one identified as Bacillus genus. Bacterial symbionts of seagrass in this experiment show potential source as natural marine antifouling.