Management model for sustainable settlement areas in the upper stream of Ciliwung Watershed, Bogor District

Abstract

The upper stream of Ciliwung watershed lies in Bogor District, has an important function for the surrounding areas, which regulated or managed water supply, whether floods or drought in the middle and the down stream. Ecological function as providers of ecosystem services have been degraded. This is becaused the rapid expansion and to be less controlled of settlement areas development. Settlement areas have occupied among cultivated area, protected area and riparian zone of Ciliwung river. The objective of this research is to analyse and evaluate land suitability for settlement areas; to analyse sustainability status of settlement areas; to analyse condition of institution that related with settlement areas and to design model for settlement areas management in upper stream of Ciliwung watershed. The research method used Geografic Information System (GIS) technique for analysing land suitability for settlement areas, evaluating land suitability for settlement areas with Bogor District Spatial Planning (RTRW) at 2000-2010 and 2005-2025, and also with land cover in 2006. Multi Dimentional Scaling (MDS) technique is used to analyse sustainability status of settlement areas. While Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) is used to analyse condition of institution that related with settlement areas. Model for managing settlement areas are designed with dynamic system approach for 20 years simulation. The research result showed that land suitability for settlement areas just only 19,89% of upper streams of Ciliwung watershed areas. Bogor District Spatial Planning (RTRW) was not fully implemented, 51,14% existing settlement areas were unfit with the location of RTRW. Sustainability status of settlement showed that settlement areas in Upper stream of Ciliwung watershed are less sustainable. Index of sustainability status of settlement areas are 41,16. Institutional analyses showed that coordination, consistency and community participation were key elements that rising up the settlement areas management in the upper stream of Ciliwung watershed. The dynamic model offered 5 scenarios to manage settlement areas at upper stream of Ciliwung watershed, theirs were: Without intervention (TI); population control (PP), public empowerment(PM), strengthening institutional of government (PK) and collaboration between government and community (KPM). The most effective scenario to manage sustainable settlement areas in the upper stream of Ciliwung watershed is KPM. Scenario KPM was implemented into 6 policies.