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      Analisis Kerawanan Banjir Tahun 2007 Menggunakan Data Satelit TRMM (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat)

      Analysis of 2007 Flood Vulnerability Using TRMM Satellite Data (Case Study: Indramayu Regency, West Java).

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Nadjmuddin, Nizar Najmusakib Rizkilah
      Taufik, Muh.
      Dirgahayu, Dede
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      Abstract
      Natural disaster management involves the identification of areas that are vulnerable to it. Flood is at the top list of natural disasters that has the highest frequency of occurence in Indonesia. Indramayu, as one of the major rice producing region in West Java, suffers flood disaster each year. This research was intended to address this problem by providing periodical information regarding flood vulnerable areas in Indramayu as the basis for decision making in managing flood disaster. Remote sensing and other data were used to obtain spatial information of flood factors. GIS analysis was performed to generate vulnerability scale value by combining all data. Five parameters that are considered to be causative to the flood disaster were taken as input and categorized into static factors including elevation, slope, land-cover, and drainage rate, while rainfall were used as the dinamic factor. DEM SRTM data were used as an input on elevation and slope derivation, Landsat image to generate land-cover map, and soil unit map to extract drainage rate information. Rainfall was calculated from TMPA 3B42-V6 data derived from TRMM satellite. The period observed was during Februari and Desember 2007 which was recorded as one of the biggest flood incident in Indonesia. The comparison between the resulting flood vulnerability map and the actual flood location showed that most flood occured at region with High Vulnerablility value. This region were found at the northern part of Indramayu which is a coastal area with low elevation and very flat surface, the dominance of rice field as land-cover, and very slow drainage rate. Rainfall input from satellite can show spatial variation of flood vulnerable areas within a fast period therefore usefull for flood prevention and monitoring, and also flood early warning system.
       
      Salah satu tahapan dalam manajemen bencana alam yaitu menentukan daerah yang berpotensi mengalami bencana tersebut. Banjir menempati posisi yang tinggi dalam urutan frekwensi kejadian bencana alam di Indonesia. Indramayu sebagai salah satu daerah penghasil padi terbesar di Jawa Barat selalu mengalami bencana banjir setiap tahunnya. Dilatarbelakangi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menyediakan informasi wilayah rawan banjir di Indramayu secara berkala sebagai dasar bagi langkah-langkah manajemen bencana banjir. Data inderaja dan data lainnya digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran spasial faktor-faktor banjir. Analisis SIG dilakukan untuk menghasilkan nilai kerawanan dengan mengkombinasikan data-data yang digunakan. Lima parameter yang dianggap menyebabkan banjir digunakan sebagai input dan dikategorikan menjadi faktor statis yaitu elevasi, slope, tutupan lahan dan laju drainase, sementara curah hujan digunakan sebagai faktor dinamis. Data DEM SRTM digunakan sebagai masukan data elevasi dan penurunan nilai slope, citra Landsat untuk menghasilkan peta tutupan lahan, dan peta satuan lahan untuk memperoleh informasi laju drainase. Curah hujan diturunkan melalui perhitungan data TMPA 3B42-V6 yang diperoleh dari satelit TRMM. Periode yang diamati yaitu bulan Februari dan Desember tahun 2007 yang mana tercatat sebagai salah satu kejadian banjir terbesar di Indonesia. Perbandingan hasil peta kerawanan banjir terhadap data banjir aktual menunjukkan bahwa kejadian banjir cenderung terjadi di wilayah dengan kelas Rawan. Wilayah tersebut tersebar di bagian Utara Indramayu yang merupakan daerah pesisir dengan nilai elevasi yang rendah dan kondisi permukaan yang datar, kondisi penutupan lahan dominan berupa sawah dan laju drainase yang sangat lambat. Masukan data curah hujan satelit dapat menunjukkan variasi spasial dari wilayah rawan banjir dalam tempo yang cukup cepat sehingga bermanfaat untuk pengaturan pencegahan dan pemantauan banjir, juga sistem peringatan dini banjir
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/54734
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1720]

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