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      Penggunaan Nanomagnetit sebagai Penyedia Unsur Hara Nitrogen pada Tanaman Jagung

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Siregar, Ilfa Nuraisyah
      Saprudin, Deden
      Darusman, Latifah Kosim
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      Abstract
      Nano-sized fertilizer (nanofertilizer) is one way to solve the inefficiency of urea fertilizer. Nanofertilizer synthesized in this research was nanomagnetite (Fe3O4). Nanomagnetite was synthesized by hydrothermal method from FeCl3 as the iron source, sodium citrate as the reductant, and urea as the base source. The synthesis product was black precipitate suspended in liquid. Based on X-ray diffraction pattren, this product was nanomagnetite with average crystalline size of 46.66 nm and had a face-centered cubic lattice structure. Scanning electron microscope photograph showed that nanomagnetite had spherical shape with average particle size of 68 nm. Based on X-ray dispersive energy analysis, Fe and O were the main constituents of nanomagnetite. The nanomagnetite absorbed 0.12% nitrogen from the urea. Furthermore, 0.53% N was also in liquid form as N-organic (0.15%), N-NH4+ (0.31%), and N-NO3 (0.07%). Nanomagnetite powder application to corn crop showed the best growth for 4 weeks after cultivation as compared to application of the liquid at the pH adjusted to 6, 7, or 8 as well as the one without nanofertilizer. These results showed that using nanomagnetite as nanofertilizer was more effective and efficient than the other treatments.
       
      Salah satu cara mengatasi kurang efisiennya penggunaan pupuk urea adalah pupuk berukuran nano (pupuk nano). Pupuk nano yang disintesis pada penelitian ini adalah nanomagnetit (Fe3O4). Nanomagnetit disintesis secara hidrotermal dari FeCl3 sebagai sumber besi, natrium sitrat sebagai reduktor, dan urea sebagai sumber basa. Hasil sintesis merupakan endapan hitam yang tersuspensi dalam cairan. Berdasarkan difraktogram sinar-X, hasil sintesis merupakan nanomagnetit dengan ukuran kristal rata-rata 46.66 nm dan memiliki struktur kisi kubus terpusat muka (fcc). Foto mikroskop elektron payaran memperlihatkan bahwa partikel nanomagnetit berbentuk bulat dengan ukuran rata-rata 68 nm. Berdasarkan analisis energi dispersif sinar-X, Fe dan O merupakan unsur penyusun utama nanomagnetit. Nanomagnetit menyerap 0.12% nitrogen dari urea. Selain itu, terdapat 0.53% N dalam cairan berupa N-organik (0.15%), N-NH4+ (0.31%), dan N-NO3- (0.07%). Pemberian serbuk nanomagnetit terhadap tanaman jagung menunjukkan pertumbuhan terbaik selama 4 minggu setelah tanam dibandingkan dengan pemberian cairan yang pH-nya diatur ke 6, 7, atau 8 maupun tanpa pupuk nano. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian nanomagnetit sebagai pupuk nano lebih efektif dan efisien dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/54680
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      • UT - Chemistry [2299]

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