Model of policy on the restoration of conservation forest area

Abstract

Forest restoration is required to cope with the damages of conservation forest areas because the rate of forest destruction in Indonesia is still inclining. This study aims is creating a model of policy on the restoration of conservation forest areas, among others by (1) formulation of criteria of areas that urgently be restored, (2) formulation of criteria of sites or parts of conservation areas to be restored, (3) determination of reference for restoration, (4) determination of selected priority species, and (5) implemented the model. It employs some methods including survey by interview using questionnaire, field observation and literature study. The research reveals that there are eight criteria on the aspect of importance and seven criteria of urgency for a conservation area to be restored. There are ten criteria of sites or parts of conservation area that urgently need restoration. Each of these criteria includes the aspects of biology, socialeconomy, and culture. The dimensions of restoration references include the richness of endemic flora species and the parameter of vegetative horizontal structure taken from the ecosystems or bioregions that the same those to be restored. The species are selected in accordance with the reference species that are capable to live and grow in the sites urgently requiring restoration. According to the criteria of conservation forest area that needs urgent restoration, the area of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP) is classified as Priority III. The top priority of sites or parts of area of GGPNP that need urgent restoration are commonly located in the outer parts/edges of GGPNP area that consist of submontaine ecosystem. There are 78 tree species in the natural forest vegetation types in the submontaine ecosystem of GGPNP that becomes the restoration reference. The number of selected priority species for restoration activity in GGPNP is 15 tree species. The highest priority of restoration activity/action for the GGPNP area is artificial restoration by enrichment planting with an involvement of community.

mengalami kerusakan hutan yang cukup berat. Sampai tahun 2000 diperkirakan hutan yang rusak di Indonesia lebih dari 59 juta ha, termasuk 4,69 juta ha di dalam kawasan hutan konservasi. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan upaya restorasi kawasan hutan konservasi. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model kebijakan restorasi kawasan hutan konservasi. Untuk mencapai tujuan umum penelitian tersebut ditetapkan beberapa tujuan antara, yaitu: (1) merumuskan kriteria kawasan hutan konservasi yang perlu segera direstorasi, (2) merumuskan kriteria lokasi/bagian kawasan hutan konservasi tertentu yang perlu segera direstorasi, (3) menentukan acuan restorasi, (4) menentukan prioritas jenis terpilih, dan (5) menerapkan/ menguji coba model. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian survai, yaitu melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, observasi lapangan, dan studi literatur. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini ada dua macam, yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Kegiatan penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 tahap, yaitu: (1) tahap pembangunan model: perumusan kriteria kawasan hutan konservasi yang perlu segera direstorasi, perumusan kriteria lokasi/bagian kawasan hutan konservasi tertentu yang perlu segera direstorasi, penentuan acuan restorasi, dan penentuan prioritas jenis terpilih; (2) tahap uji coba model: lokasi uji coba model dilakukan di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP), Propinsi Jawa Barat.