Rainfed areas quality control model based on community empwerment in Ponorogo district

Abstract

To control quality of rainfed areas as well as the farmers‟ welfare has been done by local government (Ponogoro). It‟s still not success yet because it is still a partial approach. Therefore, it is very important to research and develop model how to control quality of rainfed based on community empowerment with integrated (system) approach. Location of this research is in Ponorogo District with 326 respondens, consist of 6 experts, 20 linkage agencies staffs and 300 farmers. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM), System, Chi-Square and Structure Equation Model- SEM were implemented to analyzed the problems. Based on the data and information collected and analyzed, model that reflected the the real situation, simulated and validated. The model was established using system approach at community level, local government services and ecology. Based on AHP analysis known that element priority of quality control rainfed in Ponorogo District and then continuing ISM analysis to found key factors of rainfed quality control. Based on these key factors, then formulated scenario condition whether pesimistict, moderate or optimistict. These scenarios applied in the model that have been developed in previous stage with system approach, and resulting policy formulation as follows:1)improving cooperation among lingkage agencies and sectors; 2) improving frequency and quality extension and technical guidance to the farmers; 3) improving readiness of farmers to receive better of knowledge, behavior and positive perspective in managing rainfed; 4) Developing ability of farmers in technical skill in managing rainfed quality control.

Dewasa ini pengendalian mutu lahan kering untuk usaha tani di Kabupaten Ponorogo belum optimal. Luas lahan kering yang digarap untuk usahatani hingga tahun 2010, baru mencapai 30.203 hektar atau 29,52% dari jumlah lahan kering keseluruhan. Hasil produksi lahan kering untuk beberapa komoditi tanaman di 12 desa dalam empat kecamatan (Bungkal, Balong, Sawoo, Sambit) dalam tiga tahun terakhir masih di bawah target, bahkan ada yang mengalami gagal panen. Hasil panen padi per hektar per tahun rata-rata hanya 59,39% dari target, hasil panen jagung rata-rata 44,58%, hasil panen ubi rata-rata 67,76% dari target,dan hasil panen kacang tanah rata-rata 78,13%. Di samping itu, degradasi lahan di desadesa tersebut masih terjadi pada kisaran satu sampai dua persen per tahun termasuk erosi (DPK, 2010). Penyebab dari belum optimalnya hasil pengendalian tersebut diduga berhubungan dengan faktor: (1) pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani tentang pengendalian mutu lahan kering yang belum optimal; (2) layanan pemerintah yang belum optimal; (3) sumberdaya alam dan lingkungan belum dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan termasuk penerapan teknologi pertanian. Semua ini merupakan masalah sekaligus tantangan yang harus dihadapi dan diselesaikan oleh pemerintah, masyarakat, dan para stakeholder, khususnya pemerhati dan ilmuwan bidang pertanian dan kehutanan. Dengan terselesaikannya masalah ini maka tujuan yang diharapkan oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat berupa tercukupinya kebutuhan pangan, papan, terciptanya lapangan kerja dan berusaha, menurunnya angka kemiskinan, serta terjaganya kelestarian lingkungan hidup akan segera terwujud.