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      Pendugaan Korelasi antara Karakteristik Tanah terhadap Cadangan Karbon (Carbon Stock) pada Hutan Sekunder

      Estimation Correlation between Soil Characteristics Toward Reserved Carbon (Carbon Stock) in the Secondary Forest.

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Lubis, Rinal Syahputra
      Rusdiana,Omo
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      Abstract
      Forest ecosystem is a unity which is closely related to the natural processes that have a complex role in maintaining the stability of constituent components of the ecosystem. The complex role of the forest is to maintain the stability of the global climate and soil protection. Related to global climate stability and international issues of climate change, forests have an important role as a source of carbon emissions (source) and carbon sinks and stores (sink). Related to the stability and the protection of soil, soil has characteristics that can help the growth of vegetation. The greater fertility of the soil, the greater expected growth of vegetation, it can be implied that the greater the carbon stored on the forest stand as well as on the under plants or litter. Therefore, this study aims to determine carbon deposits and the characteristics or site qualities in secondary forests, suspect and find out whether the characteristics of the soil has a high or low correlation to the carbon stored in secondary forest. Carbon stored in secondary forests of 41948,75 kg/ha of which 91,36%, equivalent to 38326 kg/ha of carbon stored in standing and 8,64%, equivalent to 3622,75 kg/ha of carbon stored in plants and litter below. Then the results obtained from soil characteristics include pH = 4,22, CEC = 17,05 me/100gr, C-organic = 2,86 %, organic matter = 4,97 %, N-total = 0,27 %, C/N ratio = 10,73 %, P-total = 2,22 ppm, K-total = 0,34 me/100gr, bulk density = 1,1 gr/cm3, and soil porosity = 57,96 %. When viewed overall, whether chemical composition and nutrient content of soil, conclude that the soil fertility status fall into the low category. This is because the content of the element P in the soil is so low that indicates a low soil fertility. After tested the correlation between soil characteristics and stored carbon (C-stock) is obtained that the pH, the C-organic, organic matter, total N, and K soil has a correlation or effect of carbon stored in the secondary forest.
       
      Hutan merupakan suatu kesatuan ekosistem yang erat kaitannya dengan proses alam yang memiliki peranan kompleks dalam menjaga stabilitas terhadap komponen-komponen penyusun ekosistem. Peranan kompleks hutan diantaranya adalah menjaga stabilitas iklim global dan proteksi lapisan tanah. Berkaitan dengan stabilitas iklim global dan isu internasional yaitu perubahan iklim, hutan mempunyai peranan penting yaitu sebagai sumber emisi karbon (source) dan penyerap karbon dan menyimpannya (sink). Berkaitan dengan stabilitas dan proteksi lapisan tanah, tanah memiliki karakteristik yang dapat membantu pertumbuhan vegetasi. Semakin besar kesuburan tanah maka semakin besar pertumbuhan vegetasi sehingga diduga akan semakin besar karbon yang akan tersimpan pada tegakan maupun tumbuhan bawah atau serasah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui simpanan karbon dan karakteristik atau kualitas tempat tumbuh yang terkandung pada hutan sekunder, menduga dan mengetahui apakah karakteristik tanah memiliki korelasi terhadap tinggi rendahnya karbon tersimpan pada hutan sekunder. Karbon tersimpan pada hutan sekunder sebesar 41948,75 kg/ha dimana 91,36% atau setara dengan 38326 kg/ha karbon tersimpan pada tegakan dan 8,64% atau setara dengan 3622,75 kg/ha karbon tersimpan pada tumbuhan bawah dan serasah. Kemudian hasil dari karakteristik tanah yang diperoleh diantaranya adalah pH = 4,22, KTK = 17,05 me/100gr, C-organik = 2,86 %, bahan organik = 4,97 %, N-total = 0,27 %, C/N rasio = 10,73 %, P-total = 2,22 ppm, K-total = 0,34 me/100gr, bobot isi = 1,1 gr/cm3, dan porositas tanah = 57,96 %. Jika dilihat keseluruhan baik sifat kimia dan kandungan hara tanahnya, maka status kesuburan tanah termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan kandungan unsur P di dalam tanah sangat rendah sehingga kesuburan tanahnya rendah. Setelah dilakukan uji korelasi antara karakteristik tanah terhadap karbon tersimpan (C-stock) diperoleh bahwa pH, C-organik, bahan organik, N-total, dan K tanah yang memiliki korelasi atau pengaruh terhadap karbon tersimpan pada hutan sekunder tersebut.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53852
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