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      Cloning Method of Pest Resistance Gene from Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria).

      Pengembangan Metode Kloning Gen Ketahanan terhadap Hama pada Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria).

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Tampang, Ana
      Siregar, Ulfah J.
      Wulandari, Arum Sekar
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      Abstract
      Sengon is one of fast growing trees species, which is widely cultivated in plantations forest in Indonesia due to its multipurpose nature, and easy to grow. The plantation, however, faces serious problem of stem borer (Xystrocera festiva) attack, which was reported could destroyed sengon plantation. Meanwhile, several studies have reported the role of trypsin inhibitors (TI) and alpha-amylase inhibitor (AAI) in resistance in trees to insects. This research aimed at cloning a possible pest resistance gene from sengon. Sengon genomic DNA was isolated using CTAB buffer combined with binding columnn of GenElute plant Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit. Designed primer pairs did not generate amplicon. PCR products were obtained from published degenerate primers as two amplicons, with predicted size of 350 bp and 550 bp for AAI gene, and 600 bp and 800 bp for TI gene. Cloning with pGEM-T Easy vector resulted in several white colonies. Sequencing from selective colonies with long and short amplicon of AAI and TI sequences with 693 nucleotide, 278 nucleotide and 832 nucleotide, 278 nucleotide, respectively. BLASTN and BLASTX the sequences did not confirm that the inserts were AAI and TI genes. Further research is still needed to identify pest resistance gene in sengon tree.
       
      Pengembangan tanaman sengon (Paraseritanthes falcataria) memiliki beberapa kendala, salah satunya adalah serangan hama boktor (Xystrocera festiva). Serangan hama ini ditandai dengan banyaknya lubang gerek pada batang sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kualitas kayu bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian pohon. Pengembangan tanaman sengon yang tahan terhadap serangan hama dengan bantuan penanda molekuler merupakan salah satu upaya dalam pengendalian hama. Salah satu penanda molekuler yang dapat digunakan adalah penanda molekuler atas dasar sekuen gen yang mempengaruhi ketahanan terhadap hama, seperti gen tripsin inhibitor (TI) dan alfa amilase inhibitor (AAI). Deteksi gen-gen yang berperan dalam ketahanan hama ini dapat terbantu dengan penggunaan PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Beberapa primer spesifik telah didesain dan digunakan dengan tujuan mendapatkan hasil amplifikasi yang lebih jelas untuk mendeteksi suatu gen target. Pengembangan metode molekuler melalui kloning hasil PCR dengan menggunakan primer spesifik gen AAI dan TI penting dilakukan untuk menghasilkan informasi genetik yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk mengontrol dan melindungi tanaman dari serangan hama, khususnya terhadap pohon sengon yang rentan terhadap serangan hama boktor melalui program pemuliaan pohon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode kloning gen pada sengon untuk mendeteksi gen TI dan AAI sebagai gen yang berperan terhadap ketahanan serangan hama pada sengon. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi SEAMEO-BIOTROP Bogor. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan bulan September 2010 sampai Oktober 2011.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53736
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