Factors affecting infant growth and development in Bogor Municipality.

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to analyze the affecting factors of infant growth and development of infants in Bogor Municipality. The cross- sectional study was done in this research, samples were 64 breastfeeding mothers and their infants at age 3 to 10 months in Bogor Municipality. The results showed that 7.8% were severe under nutrition (WAZ), 10.9% were severe wasting (WHZ), 12.5% were stunting (HAZ) and 14.1% were development disorder. The logistic regression showed that factors significantly influence of infant growth based on WAZ was a psychosocial parenting (OR=11.469, 95% CI: 1.613-81.550); and WHZ was income per capita (OR=6.985; 95% CI: 1.100-44.349). While the factor that significantly influence the infants development were the nutritional status based on WAZ of infants (OR=21.665; 95% CI: 1.386-338.618) and maternal education level (OR=10.176; 95% CI: 1.942-53.330).

Gizi mempunyai peran besar dalam daur kehidupan. Kekurangan gizi pada masa bayi akan mengakibatkan terganggunya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan mental serta kemampuan motorik anak yang tidak dapat diperbaiki pada periode selanjutnya. Prevalensi gizi kurang dan buruk balita (BB/U) di Kota Bogor pada tahun 2010 mencapai 8.5% dan prevalensi gizi kurus dan sangat kurus (BB/TB) mencapai 2.7% (Dinkes Kota Bogor 2010). Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Briawan dan Herawati (2008) di Kota Bogor menunjukkan balita dengan perkembangan psikososial dengan kategori lambat mencapai 21%. Depkes (2010) melalui Stimulasi Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang (SDIDTK), melaporkan 11.9% anak mengalami kelainan tumbuh kembang. Rendahnya prevalensi gizi kurang dan buruk seharusnya berbanding lurus dengan perkembangan balita yang baik pula, namun dari hasil berbagai penelitian ditemukan masih tingginya balita yang perkembangannya lambat.