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      Model restocking kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) dalam sistem sea ranching di perairan dangkal semak daun, Kepulauan Seribu

      Restocking model of kerapu macan (Epinephelus fusgoguttatus) in sea ranching sistem in Semak Daun shallow water, Kepulauan Seribu

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Kurnia, Rahmat
      Soewardi, Kadarwan
      Muchsin, Ismudi
      Boer, Mennofatria
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      Abstract
      The releasing in the ocean is known as sea ranching. In addition to improving the cultivation and improvement of economic levels of society, the main goal of sea farming is restocking. This study estimated the carrying capacity of the Semak Daun water for the KJA and sea ranching. Estimated carrying capacity of the KJA performed with a load close to the waste feed. Meanwhile, the carrying capacity for sea ranching is approached with primary productivity through the content of chlorophyll-a in the waters. This review based on the carrying capacity of the sewage effluent P found that the carrying capacity of water for KJA is 12.5 – 21.6 ton. Meanwhile, the carrying capacity for brown grouper fish in the sea ranching systems is between 0.70 – 1.06 tons / year with an average of 0.88 tons / year. Growth parameters of the brown grouper are K = 0.27 per year, L ∞ = 97.48 cm, and t0 = -0.44. The natural mortality M = 0.445 per year, and length-weight relationship: W = 0.008L3.16. Restocking model is based on three criteria: the optimal catch corresponding carrying capacity, optimal economic value of yield, and the ability to recover the stock. The study found out that the best alternative policy for sea ranching recruitment type is the A-8, which is 17 cm length seed, stocking density of 2000 fishes, with fishing mortality 0.4. The model produces optimal restocking yield 529.045 kg/year. On the other hand, the best alternative policy for sea ranching harvest type is 17 cm length seed with stocking density 4000 fishes.
       
      Sea ranching merupakan pemeliharaan ikan dalam suatu kawasan perairan laut yang terisolasi secara geografis. Ikan yang ditebar (restocking) di kawasan tersebut dapat ditangkap kembali (recapture) dengan tingkat (rate) yang berbeda-beda. Saat ini kegiatan budidaya ikan kerapu macan dalam keramba jarring apung (KJA) di perairan dangkal Semak Daun sudah berjalan. Namun, restocking yang dilakukan di kawasan sea ranching perairan tersebut belum berjalan. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan kajian tentang model restocking. Kajian ini menduga besarnya daya dukung perairan, baik terhadap KJA maupun sea ranching. Biota yang menjadi objek kajian adalah kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). Pendugaan daya dukung di KJA dilakukan dengan pendekatan beban limbah pakan, sedangkan daya dukung bagi sea ranching didekati dengan produktivitas primer melalui kandungan klorofil-a di perairan tersebut. Kajian daya dukung berdasarkan buangan limbah P menemukan bahwa daya dukung perairan Semak Daun bagi budi daya keramba jaring apung (KJA) adalah 12.5 – 21.6 ton, atau 404 keramba berukuran 3x3 m2. Sementara, daya dukung bagi ikan kerapu macan dalam sistem sea ranching perairan Semak Daun antara 0.703 – 1.06 ton/th dengan rata-rata 0.88 ton/th. Bila dihitung produksi per ha diperoleh produksi ikan kerapu macan ini antara 0.0022 – 0.0034 ton/ha/th, dengan rata-rata 0.003 ton/ha/th. Parameter pertumbuhan kerapu macan di alam yang diperoleh adalah K = 0.27 per tahun, L∞ = 97.48 cm, dan to = -0.44. Laju kematian alami tetap sebesar M = 0.445 per tahun, dan bobot memiliki hubungan dengan panjang dalam bentuk hubungan: W=0.008L3.16.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53673
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