BioecologyAedesspp. Mosquitoes and the Detection of Chikungunya Virus inPasirKuda Village, West Bogor Dictrict

Abstract

Chikungunya disease was one of the community health problems at PasirKuda Village with an attack rate of 2.96‰ in 2010. This research was done to study the mosquitoe ecology and to detect the presence of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Aedes spp. mosquitoes. Field surveys were done from December 2010 until August 2011 to collect mosquitoes and conduct interview to identify community knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on chikungunya, and then in the laboratory to detect chikungunya virus in mosquito samples using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The resultsshowed that Ae. aegypti breeding place was not in the collecting and saving water container inside the house, but was in another container outside, Ae. albopictus prefer to breed in natural water container and was categorized in moderate density. Ae.aegypti tend to bite and rest inside the house, while Ae. albopictus tend to bite and rest outside the house. Chikungunya virus was successfully detected only in the female Ae. aegypti which was collected on December 2010. The society’s knowledge about chikungunya prevention was categorized as moderate, however, it was not in line with their actions.

Chikungunya merupakan salah satu Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari habitat perkembangbiakan, perilaku dan kepadatan nyamuk Aedes spp.;Mendeteksi virus chikungunya dalam tubuh nyamuk; Mempelajari pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan masyarakat terhadap pencegahan chikungunya. Penelitian dilakukan di RW 03 dan RW 04 Kelurahan Pasir Kuda Kecamatan Bogor Barat Kota Bogor, bulan Desember 2010 hingga Agustus 2011. Rancangan penelitian merupakan survey lapangan selama 4 bulan yang dimulai dari jam 06.00 sampai jam 18.00 (dua kali dalam seminggu), kemudian dilanjutkan deteksi keberadaan virus dalam tubuh nyamuk di laboratorium. Kegiatan survey dilakukan pada 124 rumah penduduk yang bersedia diperiksa di lokasi penelitian, dengan beberapa tahapan kegiatanyaitu: 1) Pengumpulan telur nyamuk; 2) Pengumpulan larva; 3) Penangkapan nyamuk dewasa; 4) Wawancara dan observasi pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat; 5) Deteksi virus chikungunya pada nyamuk. Arbovirosis yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk genus Aedes dans erring menimbulkan Kejadian Luar Biasa(KLB) di berbagaidaerah.Khusus di Kota Bogor penyakit ini menyebar hampir di seluruh kecamatan, dengan Attack rate (AR) 1.35‰ (2008), 0.26‰ (2009) dan 0.33‰ (2010. Kasus chikungunya terakhir terjadi pada bulan September 2010 di Kelurahan Pasir Kuda dengan AR sebesar 2.96‰ (Dinkes Kota Bogor 2010). Penanggulangan yang paling efektif adalah pengendalian nyamuk vektor. Kegiatan pengendalian yang efektif harus berdasarkan pengetahuan yang benar tentang bioekologi nyamuk di alam