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      Viabilitas Polen Bunga Jantan dan Identifikasi Isozim Penciri Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) Monoecious dan Andromonoecious

      Viability of The Male Flower Pollen and Isozyme Identification of Monoecieous and Andromonoecious Physic Nut Jatropha curcas.

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Janah, Miftahul
      Triadiati
      Megia,Rita
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      Abstract
      Jatropha curcas are generally monoecious. Today, it is known that there are Jatropha curcas producing hermaphrodite flowers, but they are very limited. Hermaphrodite flowers of J. curcas belong to andromonoecious type. Information on pollen viability is needed to determine the ability of pollen in the process of pollination. Plants characteristic of monoecious or andromonoecious determined by isozymes analysis. The aims of this study were to determined the viability of the pollen of male flower and to identify the characteristics of isozyme which distinguish the andromonoecious and monoecieous of Jatropha curcas plants. Jatropha curcas has round pollen with variety sizes. Diameter of pollen Jatropha curcas range 5-10 μm with the average diameter of 7.6 μm. Viability levels of the pollen of male flower of andromonoecious and monoecious of Jatropha curcas plants are high when the flowers are closing and are low when the flowers are blooming until they wilted. Isozyme characteristic differences of andromonoecious and monoecious Jatropha curcas can be seen with esterase isozyme in leaves before flowering period (SPB) that result two bands for andromonoecious plants and single band for monoecious plants.
       
      Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) umumnya adalah tanaman monoecious. Saat ini, diketahui terdapat tanaman jarak pagar yang menghasilkan bunga hermaprodit, namun jumlahnya sangat terbatas. Tanaman jarak pagar hermaprodit, termasuk tipe andromonoecious dan berpeluang menjadi tanaman yang menyerbuk sendiri. Informasi mengenai viabilitas polen diperlukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan polen dalam proses penyerbukan, sedangkan ciri tanaman monoecious atau andromonoecious ditentukan salah satunya oleh enzim sehingga dapat dianalisis perbedaannya dengan analisis isozim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas polen bunga jantan, serta mengidentifikasi isozim sebagai penciri yang membedakan tanaman andromonoecious dan monoecious pada tanaman jarak pagar. Jarak pagar mempunyai polen berbentuk bulat dengan ukuran yang bervariasi. Diameter polen jarak pagar berkisar 5-10 μm dengan rataan diameter sebesar 7,6 μm. Tingkat viabilitas polen pada bunga jantan jarak pagar monoecious dan andromonoecious tinggi saat keadaan bunga jantan kuncup dan akan menurun ketika bunga jantan sudah mekar sampai layu. Perbedaan ciri isozim jarak pagar monoecious dan andromonoecious dapat terlihat dengan isozim esterase pada sampel daun sebelum periode berbunga (SPB) yang menghasilkan dua pita untuk tanaman andromonoecious dan satu pita untuk tanaman monoecious.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/52565
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