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      Emulsification Process and Cost Analysis of Beverage Emulsion Production of Red Palm Oil

      Proses Emulsifikasi dan Analisis Biaya Produksi Minuman Emulsi Minyak Sawit Merah.

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Rita, Irma
      Muchtadi, Tien R.
      Suprihatin
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      Abstract
      Beverage emulsion of red palm oil is one of the diversification of food products which has the advantage of high pro-vitamin A content. This beverage emulsion is an alternative product in preventing vitamin A deficiency that suffers many children. Beverage emulsion formulations had been studied previously by several researchers. This study was aimed to obtain a proper emulsification process condition and production cost analysis of red palm oil emulsion. In the emulsification process, the variable treatments were rotating speed of homogenizer of 6000 rpm, 8000 rpm, 10000 rpm and homogenization time of 1 minute, 3 minutes and 4 minutes. In the process of pasteurization, the variable treatments were temperature of 70oC, 80o C during 10 minutes and 15 minutes. The parameters observed were the emulsion stability, diameter of emulsion droplet (μm), microstructure and color. The results showed that the homogenizer rotation speed and the homogenization time affected the stability and emulsion droplet size. At rotating speed of homogenizer of 10000 rpm and homogenization time of 3 minutes the emulsion stability was the highest (98,59%) and the emulsion droplet size was the smallest (2,04 μm). Eligibility criteria for investments were the NPV Rp. 1.111.711.032, IRR 38%, the net B/C 1,18. The BEP was 29075 units (bottles) or Rp. 319.819.738.
       
      Sejak tahun 2008, Indonesia merupakan produsen minyak sawit terbesar dunia dengan produksi minyak sawit kasar (CPO) 19,2 juta ton dengan luas areal perkebunan sawit mencapai 7,1 juta hektar. Pada tahun 2009 produksi CPO Indonesia meningkat menjadi 20,5 juta ton dan pada tahun 2010 menjadi 21,2 juta ton. Minyak sawit memiliki zat gizi mikro yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kesehatan. Zat gizi mikro yang terkandung dalam minyak sawit adalah karotenoid, tokoferol, tokotrienol, sterol, fosfolipid, skualen, triterpenil, dan hidrokarbon alifatik. Kandungan karotenoid dan tokoferol yang tinggi merupakan keunggulan minyak sawit dibandingkan minyak nabati lainnya. Kandungan karotenoid di dalam minyak sawit berkisar antara 500 – 700 μg/g sedangkan tokoferol dan tokotrienol berkisar antara 600 – 1000 μg/g. Beta karoten dari kelompok karotenoid telah lama diketahui berfungsi sebagai provitamin A dan tokoferol berfungsi sebagai vitamin E. Penelitian membuktikan bahwa pemberian minyak sawit merah sebanyak 4 g per anak per hari dapat mencegah terjadinya defisiensi vitamin A. Untuk memanfaatkan produksi minyak sawit yang tinggi dan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah minyak sawit dapat dilakukan pembuatan minuman emulsi kaya beta karoten.. Penelitian minuman emulsi kaya beta karoten dari minyak sawit merah telah dilakukan beberapa peneliti antara lain tentang formulasi produk minuman emulsi kaya beta karoten dengan bahan baku CPO, formulasi minuman emulsi minyak sawit merah yang telah dideodorisasi, dan rheologi minuman emulsi minyak sawit merah.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/52436
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