Evaluation Policy Determination Of Prone Forest Fires Area in West Kalimantan Province

Abstract

Indonesia was one of countries having the world's fastest forest destruction. The damage was partly due to the land and forest fires that causing a serious impact on ecological, social, political and economy. The fires usually occur during the dry season in prone fire Province such as West Kalimantan. The fires in West Kalimantan is closely related to forests and land clearing activities. The research was carried out with spatial analysis of land cover change and evaluation of forest fire control policies in West Kalimantan Province. According to land cover analysis change during period 2000-2003, 2003-2006, 2006-2009, forest was the most widely land cover reduced by 631,957.50 ha, while the most significant increased were plantations 382,158.17 ha, bush/shrub 181,861.03 ha and 48631.85 ha of open land.. The most influence factor of land and forest fires was the land cover and land use that closely related to economic needs. In this case clearing land for plantations and paddy fields and also the shifting cultivation culture. of the policy setting fire prone areas of forest in West Kalimantan have not been effective, as indicated by a high change of forest land into forests and high non-hotspots. Determination of West Kalimantan as areas prone to forest fires is considered to be appropriate, but the implementation were considered less effective. This was due to the high rate of land cover change from forest to non forest and the hotspots also remains high, the legislation at the district level still not complete, inefficiency in implementing the mandate of the legislation at the local level, and ineffeciency coordination between central and local governments.

Kebakaran hutan merupakan salah satu penyebab kerusakan hutan di Indonesia yang berdampak pada ekologi, ekonomi, sosial dan politik. Pada tahun 2002 Kalimantan Barat ditetapkan sebagai daerah rawan I kebakaran hutan, namun selama kurun waktu 8 tahun setelah itu, jumlah hotspot yang terpantau masih tinggi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap efektifitas kebijakan penetapan daerah rawan kebakaran hutan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: menganalisis besarnya perubahan penutupan lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat selama kurun waktu 2000-2009; menganalisis faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kebakaran hutan di Kalimantan Barat; serta mengevaluasi kebijakan penetapan daerah rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.