Pengembangan institusi pemulihan fungsi hutan lindung Pulau Tarakan sebagai penyangga ekosistem pulau kecil

Abstract

The Background that prompted this research was the damages of Tarakan Protection Forest (in Indonesian, Hutan Lindung Pulau Tarakan or HLPT), which is a common pool resource of state property. The main purpose of this research was to formulate recovery-functioned institutional development of HLPT as a buffering ecosystem for small islands. The main objectives were achieved through the following sub-objectives: (1) to understand the capacity organization and to find priority areas in improving management organization capacity, (2) to find the main cause for the failure of intergovernment agency coordination in the management of HLPT, (3) to find causes of disharmony the users community behavior with the purposes of HLPT management based on the perceptions and motivations, (4) to find the well-defined spatial boundaries, stakeholders, authority (rights and responsibilities) and incentive structure on function recovery of HLPT. The analysis was conducted using organizational capacity analysis technique, inter-government agency coordination analysis, qualitative analysis of content, descriptive analysis of perception and motivation, land cover analysis, stakeholder analysis, taxonomic and componential analysis and analysis of payments for environmental services, while the synthesis was carried out using the technique of discovering cultural themes. Based on the study conducted, the results were as follows: (1) The capacity of Technical Implementation Unit of Protection Forest Management as a site organizer was low (nil-moderate), suggesting low ability of the unit to achieve the objectives of HLPT management; (2) The coordination capacity of inter-government agency within the management of HLPT was considerably low since of the ambiguous regarding jurisdiction, lack of information and consultation. On the other hand, coordination tended to use the vertical coordination mechanism which was characterized by the coordination undertaken by the highest leadership levels of government organizations (ministers, governors, regents/mayors, district secretary). The consequences are coordination status failure among government agencies in the management of HLPT due to the inabililty to eliminite redundancies, incoherencies and untackled urgent issues. This suggest minimum coodination to field-spatial based programs and coordination system among government agencies that hasn’t embodied yet; (3) The low level of users’ community perception of functional and optional benefits, low levels of economic and environment motivation, and the high social motivation of the users’ community in utilization Protection Forest Resource of Tarakan Island had become the primary causes of disharmony among behavior of users’ community and the management objectives of HLPT. This refers to perception and motivation that didn’t support the main purpose of HLPT management; (4) In general, HLPT ecosystem consists of forest and non-forest ecosystems, which, if the HLPT function recovery efforts were to be done, would involve 13 key stakeholders. Furthermore, it was identified that the water users community were the beneficiaries who had the willingness to pay Rp 300 m-3 which is a potential source of funding of forest and land rehabilitation.