Model dinamis perikanan lemuru (Sardinela lemuru) di Selat Bali

Abstract

Sardine fishery is single fishery in Bali Strait and has its dynamics that consist element of biology, fishing gear technology, human resources, and fish processing industries. The four subsystems are interrelated so that the fishery could lead to a dynamic system. Many studies on sardine stock estimation suggested that this fishery in Bali Strait has been over capacity. The number of purse seine fleet reached 423 units with 17,701 fishers (2009), and has 119 large industries and 370 small industries. The study aims to describe the dynamics of the sardine fishery in Bali Strait through simulation (using Powersim 2.5). The study was conducted in October and January-March 2011, Data mainly collected from secondary data of 2005 to 2010 from the Banyuwangi and Jembrana district. Analysis was using descriptive analysis method. Pressure on sardine fish resource is relatively high, so a decline in production was occurred due to over capacity. Since it is a renewable resource, recovery is still in place although cannot reach to maximum, where the MSY is 30,379.917 tons/year with EMSY is 4,600 trip/year. Scenario A of maximum production (72267.92 tons) is higher and faster (2016), but productivity per fleet is lower due to higher number of fishing fleet. Scenario B on maximum production reached 71912.15 tons, but produces one year slower production (2017), with better level of productivity due to lower number of fishing fleets. Scenario B is better from sardine resources perspective since pressure on resource is lower; hence there is a chance for natural recovery. Although, based on simulation both scenarios begin to experience the level of over capacity in 2009. Scenario A can support employment for 16,743 people, while scenario B for 13,385 people. The capacity of fish processing industry is too high compared to the existing resources; hence it is only able to produce approximately 6% of its maximum capacity. The sardine fishery is very dynamic and the fish resource could be threatened if not managed properly. Based on the simulation, we found gap between existing resources with production capacity of industry. This model has some limitation and still needs refinement to obtain better results