Pengaruh asam salisilat terhadap sifat kayu gaharu (Aquilaria crassna)

Abstract

Salicylic acid is one of secondau signal molecule for the formation of secondary metabolites, that has a role as defense substance. The role of salicylic acid on the formation of agarwood is not yet known. The indicator of the agar formation is the modification of the wood characteristic such as wood discolouration.Wood discolouration may occur due to terpenoid accumulation. This research was carried out to determine the role of salicylic acid on the modification of wood characteristic interm of discolouration and te~penoida ccumulation of A. oassna. The bark and cambial layers of branches of 8 years A. crassna tree were peeled off about 2 cm long, then smeared with salicylic acid at 100mM (SA loo), 200mM (SA 200), 3001nM (SA 300), 400mM (SA 400), 700mM (SA 700) and IOOOmM (SA 1000). The level of wood colour intensity and the area of colour formation, accu~nulation of terpenoid (histochemical and Lieberman-Burchard analyses) and fiagrance level was observed at 5, 10, 25 and 50 days after application of salicylic acid (daa). The application of salicylic acid caused wood discolouration from white to brownish white, physiological symptoms such as chlorosis (SA 400 at 50 daa and SA 700 at 5 daa), wood brittleness and death of some branches (SA 700 at 25 daa and SA 1000 at 5 daa). Histochemically, the accumulation of terpenoid was found in parenchyma rays, included phloem, xylem vessel and pith of treated branches with SA 100, SA 200, SA 300 and SA 400. For those treated with SA 700 and SA 1000, terpenoid was found only in parenchyma rays and xyleni vessel. Accutnulation of lipid was found in parenchyma mys, included phloem and xylenl vessel of all treated branches. Whereas the accu~nulation of starch was found in parenchyma rays and included phloem on all treated branches at 5-10 daa. Yellowgreen the Liebennan-Burchard analysis indicated that terpenoid in the forin of sterol was formed in the heated wood. Salicylic acid can not induce fiagrance formation.