Induksi Keragaman Dua Varietas Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) Dengan Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Secara In Vitro

Abstract

The research aims were to study the effect of gamma irradiation doses on Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) and increasing the genetic diversit. The research were conducted at IPB Tissue Culture Laboratory, BATAN Laboratory, and IPB Micro Tehnique Laboratory, during February–November 2010. This research used completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor is varieties of Chrysanthemum, including Dewi Ratih and Puspita Nusantara. The second factor is five doses of gamma irradiation (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 Gy). The result showed that the interaction between varieties with doses of gamma irradiation affected growth of plants and the number of chloroplast in guard cell. The number and size (length and width) of stomata were influenced by a varieties and and irradiation dose as a single factor. Increasing doses of gamma irradiation could increase the length and width of stomata. LD50 of krisan planlets were obtained 22.22 Gy for Dewi Ratih and 22.85 Gy for Puspita Nusantara. The gamma radiation dose 20 Gy produced 13 potential mutant on Dewi Ratih and Puspita Nusantara varieties. Putative mutants characteristic showed small leaves and no serrated, reddish stems, stunted, rosette, and variegata leaves.