Eliminasi PMWaV (Pineapple Mealybug Wilt-associated Virus) dari jaringan tanaman nanas melalui perlakuan air panas dan ribavirin

Abstract

Mealybug wilt of pineapple (MWP) is the devastating disease found in all the major pineapple growing regions of the world. The disease is characterized by severe tip dieback, downword curving of the leaf margins, reddening, and wilting of the leaves that can cause total collapse of the plant. Closterovirus particles were detected in both MWP symptomatic and asymptomatic pineapple worldwide. The particles, referred to as Pineapple Mealybug Wilt-associated Virus-1 and PMWaV-2. Both viruses are mealybug transmitted. Two species of mealybug, the pink mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), and the grey mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Beardsley) have been associated with MWP. One method for managing MWP disease is rogue symptomatic plant, but this method remain PMWaV at asymptomatic plant. Use of pesticide to control mealybug and ants is not efficient and high cost. The research was conducted to develop elimination method for PMWaV-free plant by hot water treatment and ribavirin. PMWaV infected plant (leave, stem, crown) were given two hot water treatment consisting of 35 ºC for 24 hour as pre-treatment followed immediately by hot water treatment either 56 ºC for 60 minute or 58 ºC for 40 minute in a water bath. Infected plant without hot water treatment as positive control, and healthy plant without hot water treatment as negative control. Ribavirin were added to medium culture 10 mg/l medium. PMWaV infection can be eliminated from propagative material through hot water treatment 58 ºC 40 minute in a water bath without decrease propagative material viability.