Aplikasi Teknologi Sistem Peresapan Biopori Untuk Mencegah Aliran Permukaan Dan Erosi Serta Peningkatan Produksi Tanaman Pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga

Abstract

Surface runoff and erosion are the main problem causing land degradation on sloping upland agriculture. Biopore infiltration system is one of water harvesting technology developed on arid region. The experiment aimed at studying the effect of biopore infiltration system to control surface runoff and erosion on sloping upland. The research was conducted in Cikabayan experimental farm, University Farm, Bogor, and in ITSL Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The Research was done from January 2009 until March 2010. The objective of this research to study the effectiveness of the biopori infiltration system in preventing damage to land by surface runoff and erosion, as well as in improving agricultural production on upland. Completely randomized block experimental design was used to analyze data collected from five treatments arranged randomly in three blocks as replications. Applied treatments were: control (T0); ridge terrace with contour channel according to the size of a width of 20 cm and 15 cm deep in intervals of 2 m (T1); T1 treatment combined with vertical mulching 4 tons of rice straw/ha (T2); T1 treatment combined with 2 infiltration hole in the contour channel at intervals of 1 m, diameter 8 cm and 100 deep, filled with rice straw (T3); and combinations of treatments T2 and T3 (T4). Research results indicated that each treatment very significantly prevents runoff and erosion for corn planting season and upland rice planting season compared to treatment T0. All treatments tends to increasing plant heigh of maize and upland rice except treatment of T2 at corn planting season to treatment T0. Treatment T2, T3, and T4 very significantly increase number of produvtive tillers compared to treatment T0. All treatments tends to increasing dry seed wight compared to T0 except treatment of T4 which is real increased dry seed wight. Treatment with vertical mulch (T2, T3, and T4) had higher seed wight if it is compared to treatment without vertical mulch (T1). All treatments very significantly increase dry rice grain wight if it is compared to T0. Treatment of T3 and T4 tends to produce higher rice grain if it compared to treatment of T1 and T2. Treatment with vertical mulch (T2, T3, and T4) very significantly increased the weight of dry straw if it is compared to treatment T0.