Biodegradasi dispersan tumpahan minyak dengan metode DOC Die-Away dan metode botol tertutup

Abstract

Oil spill dispersant (OSD) is a mixture of surfactant and solvent designed to break the oil layer into small granules to facilitate its dispersion in natural water. In general, OSD is toxic and naturally non-degradable because it contained aromatic compounds. There are 4 criteria of OSD which should be fulfilled, low toxic toward mammals and water environment, biodegradable, and bioaccumulation. Biodegradability is an important requirement for OSD. Analysis of OSD biodegradation was carried out using DOC die-away and closed bottle method as a reference. The selection of this method was based on the aim for covering the lack of closed bottle method that had high failure factor because of zero dissolved oxygen (DO). Meanwhile, DO in DOC die-away method can be kept by aeration during incubation time. In this work, the degradation percentages of OSD using DOC die-away method were 82.10, 72.00, and 81.38% for 10, 20, and 30 ppm, respectively, over a 28-day period, whereas using closed bottle method were 83.13 and 80.52% for 1 and 2 ppm, respectively. This comparison showed that OSD is easier decomposed by DOC die-away method.