Studi Korelasi Antara Proses Geomorfik Dan Pedogenesis Di Desa Lamajang, Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung
Abstract
Landform and soil formed by geomorphic and pedogenic processes. Geomorphic processes play a role in change and shape the earth's surface through out a process of physical and chemical weathering, volcanism, and extraterrestrial, while the pedogenic process produce soil body. According to van Wambeke and Forbes (1986), land unit is a container of a soil unit due to the similarity genetic factors (abiotic and biotic) and the genetic processes. Geomorphic processes based on abiotic factors (parent material, climate, relief, and time), while biotic factors (organisms, especially vegetation) only serves as an indicator, for example: gelam is an indicator of landform with acid sulphate soils. The processes of pedogenic based on factors biotic and abiotic itself. Research areas belong to volcanic landscape which dominated by the surface processes, such as: erosion, deposition, sedimentation, and mass movements, thus forming various forms of landform. This research intends to do analysis, interpretation, and correlation between land formation (geomorphic processes) and soil formation (pedogenesis) in volcanic landscapes. The aim is to determine land units (landforms) systematically (Desaunettes, 1977) as containers of soil units (Soil Survey Staff, 2010). This research includes preparation, field work, laboratory analysis, processing data, and preparation of final report. The results of research showed that the diversity of landforms are coinciding with the diversity of soil units (Great Group). There were found that the landform of ridge plains of volcano midlle, with parent material from andesitic rocks, undissected and flat slope (0-3%) (Vat 3.5.0) is occupied by Melanudand (Pedons P1); Landform of volcano midlle, with parent material from andesitic rocks, dissected and steep slope (30-60%) (Vat 3.6.3) is occupied by Hapludand (Pedons P2); and Landform of foot slope volcanic midlle, with parent material from andesitic rocks, slightly dissected and gently slope (2-5%) (Vat 3.5.2) is occupied by Fulvudand (Pedons P3). Correlation between geomorphic and pedogenesis processes which observed through the toposequent direction, supported by laboratory analysis data and secondary data (Puslittanak, 1993) and then extrapolated to the entire Village Lamajang, resulting seven landform mapping units as the component of semidetailed Landform Map of Lamajang Village Scaled at 1 : 50.000.