Kajian Bioreaktor Untuk Pengolahan limbah Air Asam Tambang Dengan Menggunakan Bakteri Pereduksi Sulfat

Abstract

Coal mining industry is one of the industries which has potency to produce acid mine drainage. Sulfide compound exposed with air will oxidized which produce sulphate compounds. If it react with water, it will generate acid mine drainage containing sulphate. Natural acid can trigger the form of reactive metals on his ion form, thereby will generate contamination of metal at water environment. To reduce contamination of acid mine drainage effect an appropriate technology is required. Biotechnology is an alternative method to threat acid mine drainage, in which a microbe is used as agent for sulphate reduction. The main objectives of this research are: 1) studying bioreactor ability using D. orientis ICBB 1220 to reduce sulphate and dissolved metal of acid mine drainage at various time of biofilm formation; 2) studying bioreactor ability using D. orientis ICBB 1220 to reduce sulphate and dissolved metal of acid mine drainage at vaious time of waste retention time; 3) determine the optimum biofilm formation time and retention time in the bioreactor using D. orientis ICBB 1220 to reduce sulphate and dissolved metal of acid mine drainage. This research has done in a bench scale in the laboratory of environmental biotechnology at Indonesian Center for Biodiversity and Biotechnology (ICBB) Bogor. This research was camed out from October 2006 until October 2007. Research results shown that 5 hours of retention time at 14 days of biofilm formation could be considered as an optimum condition to improve pH from 2.85 to 6.98 and for sulphate reduction from 721.75 to 226.679 (68.59%) and each dissolved Fe and Mn reduction 10.82 to 0.17 (98.43%) and from 13.79 to 3.65 (73.52%).