Inventarisasi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi

Abstract

Gunung Merapi National Park (TNGM) is a nature conservation area which has a native ecosystem in the form of blend with the forest ecosystem volcanic highland area of ± 6410 ha. The interaction that exists between communities and national park should be developed to support the preservation of national park and fully bring prosperity to the local community. The existence of national park should be able to provide benefits, not only to preserve natural resources, but also prosperity for local communities. In this regard, research is needed in providing inputs to the park managers and communities in the management TNGM. This study aimed to describe the general condition of the area, inventory and analyze the wealth and diversity of plant species and identify the medicinal uses of plants into different groups in the region TNGM usefulness. The research was done in merapi mount national park in 3 (three) month from June to August 2010. It was used some equipment such as : compass Brunton, GPS, diameter measuring tool, trash bag and digital camera. The research was used a secondary data of research location general condition and primary data which are covering : various kind of species, amount and diameter of poles and tree stages; various kind of species and amount of herb, undershrub, shrub, epiphyte and liana habitus. The primary data were collected by field orientation, vegetation analyzing with nested line transect method and herbarium making. The data were analyzed to find out the importance value, index of species richness, index of species diversity, pattern of plants spread and the use of plant species. Total plant species found in the region TNGM 108 species from 52 families, with most of the family Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae (7 species). The highest species richness and diversity found in jungle zones in mountain forest ecosystem types and the lowest was found in the core zone of an upper mountain forest ecosystem types. The pattern of distribution plants on average tend to be clumped. Plant species are found grouped into 11 groups of usability. Usefulness of the most widely plant can be utilized is for producing food that is as many as 32 species from 24 families. Advice needs to be done in this study include: rehabilitation of forest areas damaged by the eruption TNGM needs to be done by planting local native species in rehabilitation zone, further research needs to be done after the eruption of an inventory of plants and the manager needs to conduct training activities, counseling and assistance to the people involved in providing useful knowledge about plants in TNGM.