Pemanfaatan log diameter kecil jenis sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), cempaka (Elmirillia ovalis (Miq.) Dandy), dan manglid (Manglietia glauca BI.) sebagai bahan baku papan partikel

Abstract

INTRODUCTION : The degradation of natural forests has made plantations forest and community forests is growing up, supply of raw materials for wood processing industry slowly shifted from natural forests to plantations and community forests. The ability of wood that can grow in a relatively short time make the harvesting time usually done more quickly because of the growing needs of raw materials, so in general logs produced from plantations forest is a type of small diameter logs. The way to optimize the small-diameter logs is by producing composite products, one of them is particle board. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the quality of particle board from small diameter logs with a low density, which is sengon, cempaka, manglid and mixtures of them. MATERIAL AND METHOD : The raw materials used are wood particles of sengon, cempaka, and manglid using 12% UF adhesive and 2% paraffin content. There are four types of boards are made, that is particle board with a pure composition of each type and mixture composition of sengon: cempaka: manglid 1 : 1 : 1 with two different density target, that is 0.4 g/cm3 and 0.6 g/cm3. Compression performed with a temperature of 150 ° C and pressure of 25 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes, with particle board size is 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm. RESULT : The test results obtained for particle board with a density target of 0.4 g/cm3 and 0.6 g/cm3 successively include the density with average value of 0.52 g/cm3 and 0.68 g/cm3, the moisture content with average value of 7.13% and 7.3%, water absorption for two hours with average value of 89.51% and 43.14%, water absorption for 24 hours with average value of 123.92% and 74 , 8%, the thickness swelling for two hours with average value of 23.03% and 24.15%, the thickness swelling for 24 hours with average value value of 29.22% and 34.79%, MOE with average value of 8800.88 kg/cm2 and 19581.12 kg/cm2, MOR with average value of 68.57 kg/cm2 and 153.65 kg/cm2, internal bond with average value of 2.53 kg/cm2 and 4.25 kg/cm2, and screw holding power with average value of 24.45 kg and 39.63 kg.